CHAPTER 3 - INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE Flashcards
It is a science devoted to the identification, evaluation, and control of occupational
conditions that cause sickness and injury.
Industrial Hygiene
These are the major tools for protecting people and the environment.
Laws and Regulations
What government agency has been authorized by Congress to carry out laws?
Environmental Protection Agency, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Department of Homeland Security
This phase determines the extent and degree of employee exposure to toxicants and physical hazards in the workplace environment.
Evaluation
During the evaluation phase, the various types of existing measures and their effectiveness are studied. During the evaluation study, the likelihood of large and small leaks must be considered.
Both statements are true.
The number of hours where the integral of the concentration of the chemical in the air is always divided.
8hrs
All monitoring systems have drawbacks because
● The workers move in and out of the exposed workplace
● The concentration of toxicants may vary at different locations in the work area.
Both statements are true.
This theory teaches that dust particles that present the greatest hazard to the lungs are normally in the respirable particle size range of 0.2 - 0.5μm.
Toxicology Theory
What is the concentration unit of dust evaluation?
mppcf (millions of particles per cubic foot), mg/m3
What is the primary role of Congress in the lawmaking process?
Proposing and passing laws
Which government agency is responsible for creating and enforcing regulations related
to workplace safety?
OSHA
What is the official compilation of all federal laws?
United States Code
Which agency conducts research on workplace hazards and recommends safety
measures?
NIOSH
What is the primary purpose of the OSHAct?
To protect worker safety and health
Which of the following is NOT a typical step in the process of creating a regulation?
Appointing a new Supreme Court Justice
What is the primary instrument used to measure noise levels?
Decibel meter
When estimating vapor concentrations in enclosed spaces, which factor is most critical to consider?
Ventilation rate
What is the primary responsibility of employers under the OSHAct?
To provide safe and healthy working conditions
How can workers best protect themselves from workplace hazards?
Following safety procedures and using protective equipment
What is the primary goal of OSHA’s PSM standard?
To reduce the number and severity of accidents involving hazardous chemicals.
Which of the following is NOT a core element of OSHA’s PSM standard?
Risk assessment
What is the primary purpose of an emergency response plan?
To respond to accidents and minimize their impact.
What factor primarily influences the evaporation rate of a liquid?
Saturation vapor pressure
What is the primary goal of environmental controls?
To reduce exposure to hazardous chemicals by controlling the workplace environment.
When should respirators be used as a primary control measure?
As a temporary measure until engineering controls can be implemented.
What is the key principle of the management of change (MOC) process?
To minimize the impact of changes on safety and environmental performance.
What is the purpose of a process hazard analysis (PHA)?
To identify potential hazards and develop mitigation strategies.
Which of the following is a key component of mechanical integrity?
Regular equipment inspections and maintenance.
What is the primary goal of employee participation in PSM?
To enhance safety performance and reduce accidents.
What is the primary goal of the Chemical Facility Anti-Terrorism Standards (CFATS)?
To protect chemical facilities from potential threats.
What is a Security Vulnerability Assessment (SVA)?
A procedure to identify potential security threats to a chemical facility.
What is a crucial step in identifying potential hazards in a chemical process?
Analyzing process design documents and operating instructions.
Why is collaboration between different professionals important in hazard identification?
To identify potential hazards from various perspectives.
What are the two primary sources of volatile emissions during vessel filling?
Evaporation and displacement
What type of ventilation system is preferred to prevent contaminated air from leaking into the workplace?
Balanced pressure system
What factor represents the adjustment for less than saturated conditions in the vapor
space?
φ
What is the role of the Site Security Plan (SSP)?
To detail specific steps to protect the facility from security threats.
What is the primary disadvantage of using ventilation for environmental control?
High operating cost due to energy consumption
Who is primarily responsible for identifying and preventing health risks in workplaces?
Industrial hygienists
