CHAPTER 11- HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION Flashcards
This is a list of items and possible problems in the process that must be checked.
Process hazards checklists
This approach allows the mind to go free in a controlled environment. Various events are suggested for a specific piece of equipment with the participants determining whether and
how the event could occur and whether the event creates any form of risk.
Hazards and operability (HAZOP) studies
This can be as simple as an inventory of hazardous materials, or it can be as detailed as the
Dow indexes.
Hazards surveys
An effective but less formal type of HAZOP study. The results are highly dependent on the
experience and synergism of the group reviewing the process.
Safety review
It is sometimes called hazard analysis.
Risk Assessment
_________ can be performed independently from Risk Assessment.
Hazard Identification
A risk assessment procedure that determines probabilities is frequently called _____.
Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA)
This procedure that determines probability and consequences is called_______.
Quantitative Risk Analysis (QRA).
This should be applied only during the preliminary stages of hazard identification and should
not be used as a replacement for a more complete hazard identification procedure.
Checklist
______ is part of the process used to evaluate if any particular situation, item, or thing may
have the potential to cause harm.
Hazard Identification
What does the final rating number in a hazards survey represent?
The relative ranking of the hazard
What type of materials does the Dow F&EI specifically address?
Flammable and explosive materials
Which of the following is an example of a formal, systematized hazard survey?
Dow Fire and Explosion Index (F&EI)
What is the main purpose of the HAZOP study?
To identify hazards in a chemical process facility
Who is required to lead a HAZOP study?
A trained HAZOP leader with experience in both the procedure and the chemical
process
What is the key feature of the Dow F&EI approach to hazard assessment?
It is a subjective method based on expert judgment
What is the first step in the HAZOP procedure?
Break the process flow sheet into a number of process units
What is meant by a “study node” in the HAZOP procedure?
A vessel, line, or operating instruction within the process
What is the purpose of a hazards survey?
To identify hazardous materials and estimate potential risks
What is one potential challenge in conducting a HAZOP study for a large process?
It may require several months of regular meetings
What is the main purpose of a safety review?
To identify and eliminate hazards in the design and procedures of a project or operation.
What is a “near-miss”?
An incident that could have resulted in a serious consequence but did not.
How often should periodic safety reviews be conducted after startup?
Annually, or whenever new equipment, chemicals, reactions, or procedures are
introduced.
How many people typically participate in an informal safety review?
Two or three people, including the person responsible for the process.
Who typically participates in an informal safety review?
The individual responsible for the process and one or two people experienced
with safety procedures.
What is the nature of a safety review?
A cooperative, constructive, and creative process aimed at improving safety and performance.
How many steps are involved in a formal safety review process?
threensteps
What does the “Raw Materials and Products” section of the formal safety review report focus on?
Describes the hazards and handling problems associated with raw materials and products.
What is the main purpose of a formal safety review?
To review new processes, substantial changes in existing processes, and processes
requiring an updated review
Which section of the formal safety review report deals with emergency shutdown and fail-safe
procedures?
Safety Procedures.
