CHAPTER 13 - SAFETY PROCEDURES AND DESIGN Flashcards
In Delegation, It is important to have ____ participation with regard to safety responsibilities
b.) employee
Active systems include process control systems, ______, automatic _____, and automated
mitigation systems.
d.) safety interlocks; shutdown system
What are the four categories of process safety strategies, in order?
a.) inherent, passive, active, and procedural
_______ are prevented by managing the development and maintenance of important process
activities.
c.) Process accidents
Motivate everyone influenced by this document to do what needs to be done.
b.) Communication
simple and general description of a good management process includes deciding what needs to
be done, doing it, documenting that it has been done, and improving the process
c.) Managing Safety
It describes what needs to be done to eliminate hazards and accidents.
a.) Documentation
It identifies and implements ways to completely eliminate or significantly reduce hazards, rather
than to develop add-on protective systems and procedures.
d.) Inherent
Which of these does not belong to Layers of Protection?
b.) Plant Emergency Retort
Passive devices perform their intended functions without personnel or control actions. Passive
systems include ____, passive flame arrestors, and the use of welded fitting versus flanges and
_____ connections.
d.) dikes; threaded
What designed and managed to help operators run a plant or facility with no problems or mishaps
are called?
c.) Operating procedures
This should be highlighted with the consequences of exceeding these limits, and with steps to
correct or avoid deviations from normal conditions.
a.) Operating limits
It is used to control nonroutine activities that are conducted in potentially hazardous environments.
a.) Permit
It is used to prevent someone from being injured in a confined space.
b.) Vessel Entry Permit
This permit prevents the ignition of flammable or combustible gases or liquids in a work
environment.
c.) Hot Work Permit
This permit prevents injuries or damage due to the accidental release of stored energy from
equipment.
a.) Lock-Tag-Try Permit
Typical activities that require this permit include an employee going into a danger zone (rotating
equipment or in a vessel with an agitator), repairing electrical circuits, maintaining machinery with
moving parts, cleaning jammed mechanisms, and removing guards or safety devices.
a.) Lock-Tag-Try Permit
The permit includes a description of the hazards and actions taken to prevent accidents. The formal
permit communicates irrelevant information between the people doing the work and the operating
personnel who are affected by the work.
a.) First statement is true
Hot work operations include welding, grinding, torch cutting or soldering, and any other ignition
sources. These permits are valid for only one shift at a time.
c.) Both statements are true
The objectives of investigations are to identify the causes of incidents, understand the
interrelationship between causes, and develop actions to prevent the recurrence of similar incidents.
Review of accident investigations is particularly important after designing a new plant.
a.) First statement is true
Design steam, water, electricity, and air supplies to be available during emergencies. Place substations
away from process areas
a.) Utilities
A twofold strategy is used to limit the potential damage from fires and ________.
a.) explosions
. The process of adding an inert gas to a combustible mixture to reduce the concentra- tion of
oxygen below the limiting oxygen concentration (LOC)
b.) Inerting
Is the most common inerting procedure for vessels.
d.) Vacuum Purging
Design to consume the reactants rapidly to avoid the accumulation of reactants. Design the system to
remove the heat and gaseous products generated by the reactions
d.) Both statements are true.
Add ________ to prevent runaways due to equipment and control failures
b.) safeguards
________ have flammability regions similar to gases, and they can burn and explode as deflagrations
and detonations.
d.) Dust
____________ have the five-sided fire pentagon that includes fuel, an ignition source, oxygen, low
moisture, and suspension in air.
d.) Flammable Dusts
_____________ have a three-sided fire triangle that illustrates the three necessary conditions for
fires; that is, to burn a flammable gas you need fuel (flammable gas) and an ignition source, and oxygen.
a.) Flammable gases
When transferring dusts to ___________, use containment and inerting
b.) Flammable liquids
What does inherently safer technology (IST) aim to achieve?
B) Permanently eliminate or reduce hazards
Which of the following is NOT one of the four alternatives for achieving inherent safety?
C) Maximize
What is the primary function of a double block and bleed system?
B) To prevent reactor contents from
backing up into feed tanks
How do safeguards or redundant controls contribute to process safety?
C) By providing additional layers of safety to prevent accidents
What is the purpose of block valves in chemical plants?
B) To shut down a system during unusual circumstances
What does an explosion suppression system do?
B) Detects flames and injects flame-quenching
What is the function of flame arrestors in a chemical process?
B) To quench flames and prevent propagation in pipelines
Why is material selection crucial in process vessel design?
C) It helps withstand internal and external
What happens during deflagrations in pipes or vessels?
B) They result in gradual pressure increases with localized tears.
In what scenario are detonations most likely to occur?
B) In pipelines with large length-to-diameter ratios
