Chapter 3 Definitions Flashcards
organizational culture
the values, beliefs, assumptions, & norms that form the infrastructure of the organizational ethos
collegial culture
a type of organizational culture characterized by consensus, teamwork, & participatory decision making
personalistic culture
a type of organizational culture characterized by autonomy in decision making & problem solving
formalistic culture
a type of organizational culture characterized by a clear chain of command & well-defined lines of formal authority
organizational structure
a model that defines the relationships among the members of an organization
span of control
the number of subordinates supervised by a particular individual in an organizational setting
organizational chart
a graphic representation of an organization’s structure, usually arranged by functional, service, or in a matrix format
matrix structure
a type of chart that describes an organizational structure in terms of both functions and services
position description
a formal document that describes the qualifications, work content , accountability, and scope of a job
staff selection
the procedures used as the basis for any employment decision, including recruitment, hiring, promotion, demotion, retention, and performance evaluation
job specification
a written description of the requirements or qualifications a person should have to fill a particular role in an organization
person specification
a specific delineation, based on the job specification, of the qualities, skills, and characteristics a person must have to fill a particular role
job description
a written description of the specific responsibilities a position holder will be accountable for in an organization
recruitment
the process of planning for human resource needs and identifying potential candidates to meet those needs
validity (in staff selection)
the employment of criteria that predict how well a candidate will perform in a role
reliability (in staff selection)
consistency of staff selection procedures
numeric analysis
the process of determining a staff member’s workload by calculating and comparing the amount of time a person spends on certain tasks with the output that result form those tasks
process analysis
a technique for streamlining the number and complexity of steps needed to provide a service to a customer
supervision
a process whereby authority holders observe the work activities of an employee to improve the outcomes of the employee’s work or to improve the employee’s proffessional development
inspection production
a supervisory model that emphasizes the use of formal authority and managerial preogatives to improve employee efficiency and efficacy
clinical supervision
the process of direct observation of an employee’s work, with emphasis on measurement of specific behaviors, and the subsequent development of plans to remediate deficiencies in performance
development supervision
a supervisory model that emphasizes collaboration between supervisors and supervisees to help them solve problems and develop professionally.
performance evaluation
the process of placing a value on the quality of an employee’s work
propriety standards
performance evlaution standards intended to help ensure that the process is legal and fair
utility standards
performance evaluation standards intended to help ensure that employee appraisal is useful to workers, employers, and others who need to use the information
feasibility standards
performance evaluation standards intended to help foster practicality int eh employee appraisal process
accuracy standards
perforamnce evaluation standards intended to improve the validity and reliability of the employee appraisal process
