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Anatomy & Physiology > Chapter 3: Cell Structure > Flashcards

Chapter 3: Cell Structure Flashcards

1
Q

Higher cells like those of the body are called

A

Eukaryotic

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2
Q

Cells without organelles are called

A

Prokaryotes

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3
Q

The sperm cell has a _____ to propel it

A

Flagellum

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4
Q

Cells are measure in terms of

A

Micrometer

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5
Q

Living cells were first observed by a man named

A

Anton Von Leeuvenhoek

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6
Q

The cell membrane is called the

A

plasma membrane/plasmalemma

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7
Q

Protoplasm inside the nucleus

A

Nucleoplasm

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8
Q

Molecule with unequal distribution of electrons

A

polar

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9
Q

compounds that do not readily dissolve in water

A

non-polar

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10
Q

How many chromosomes in the human body

A

46

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11
Q

Spherical particle in the nucleoplasm

A

Nucleolus

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12
Q

Folds of the inner membrane of the mitochondria

A

Cristae

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13
Q

All cells have approximately the same number of

A

mitochondria

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14
Q

Proteins are assembled from

A

Amino Acids

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15
Q

Expulsion of lysosome enzymes into the cell cytoplasm is known as

A

autolysis

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16
Q

membrane forming a collection of cavities

A

endoplasmic reticulum

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17
Q

rough er is the site of

A

protein synthesis

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18
Q

the points of collection for compounds to be secreted are the

A

golgi apparatus

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19
Q

messenger RNA attaches to ____ during protein synthesis

A

Ribosomes

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20
Q

The molecule that copies codes from the DNA molecule in the nucleus is called the

A

Messenger RNA - mRNA

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21
Q

___RNA will go into the cytoplasm and collect amino acids

A

Transfer RNA - tRNA

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22
Q

Two centrioles is also known as

A

centrosome

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23
Q

Cellular organelles located on the surface are ___ and ___

A

Cilia and Flagella

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24
Q

Euglena are propelled by

A

Flagellum

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25
Q

Paramecium is propelled by

A

cilia

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26
Q

____ cause plants to look green

A

chloroplasts

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27
Q

____ occurs inside chloroplasts

A

photosynthesis

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28
Q

Layers of proteins, enzymes, and chlorophyll make up the ___

A

Grana

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29
Q

Plant cell walls are composed of

A

Cellulose

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30
Q

Carotenoid pigments

A

Xanthophyll and Carotene

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31
Q

Pattern of the bi-phospolipid layer

A

Fluid Mosaic Pattern

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32
Q

It is on the ___ of the mitochondria that cellular respiration occurs

A

Cristae

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33
Q

_____ is a natural process by which cells in the body die and is controlled by specific genes

A

Apoptosis

34
Q

Structure within protoplasm

A

Organelles

35
Q

Organelles for phtosynthesis

A

chloroplasts

36
Q

Protoplasm inside nucleus

A

nucleoplasm

37
Q

One-thousandth of a milimeter

A

Micrometer

38
Q

Attracts water

A

Hydrophillic

39
Q

Repels Water

A

Hydrophobic

40
Q

Protoplasm outside the nucleus

A

cytoplasm

41
Q

dark threads in nucleus

A

chromatin

42
Q

controls all cell functions

A

DNA

43
Q

Contain digestive enzymes

A

Lysosome

44
Q

Smooth ER

A

Agrannular

45
Q

Resembles a stack of saucers

A

Golgi Body

46
Q

Foreign proteins

A

Antigens

47
Q

Protein makes long hollow cylinders

A

Tubulin

48
Q

Plants look green

A

Chlorophyll

49
Q

Bacteria cells are

A

prokaryotic

50
Q

The most prominent structure in the cell is the

A

nucleus

51
Q

the first person to observe a living cell was

A

Leeuwenhoek

52
Q

ATP is needed in cells for which process

A

Active Transport

53
Q 
Which is NOT a function of protein in the cell membrane
ATP synthesis
Pass molecules and ions
Receptors for hormones
Identity Markers
Sodium-potassium pump
A

Identity Markers

54
Q

Protoplasm is

A

the liquid portion of a cell

55
Q

Clumps of atoms distributed throughout a medium is a

A

Colloid

56
Q

Compounds of unequal distribution of bonding electrons are said to be

A

soluble

57
Q 
which of the following would not go into a solution
sodium
potassium
chlorine
phosphorus
none of the above
A

None of the above

58
Q 
Which of the following are NOT colloidally suspended in the cytoplasm
Proteins
carbohydrates
fats
nucleic acid
none of the above
A

None of the above

59
Q 
Which of the following are not surrounded by a membrane
nucleus
nucleolus
animal cell
vacuole
plant cell
A

Plant cell

60
Q

The code to make protein is found in the

A

DNA

61
Q

The genetic material of the cell is found in the

A

Chromatin

62
Q 
There are many folds in the 
plasma membrane
nuclear membrane
mitochondrion membrane
vacuole membrane
plant membrane
A

Mitochondrion membrane

63
Q

Cellular respiration occurs on the

A

cristae

64
Q

Mitochondria with many cristae will be found in which cells

A

Muscle

65
Q

Maintenance and repair of cellular components is a function of the

A

lysosome

66
Q

Sac-like or channel-like cisternae are found in the

A

endoplasmic reticulum

67
Q

the site of protein syntehsis in the cell is the

A

ribosome

68
Q

The concentration of compounds to be secreted is a function of the

A

golgi body

69
Q

the substance that gives plants a green color is

A

Chlorophyll

70
Q

The substance that gives plants a red-orange color is

A

carotene

71
Q

The fier in our diet from plants is the substance

A

cellulose

72
Q 
protein syntehsis relies on which of the following
grana
leucoplasts
mRNA
vacuoles
lamella
A

mRNA

73
Q

during protein synthesis amino acids are collected. The code for a particular amino acid is made possible by three bases using the element

A

nitrogen

74
Q

centrioles function during

A

cell division

75
Q

the number of plastids found in a plant cell

A

3

76
Q

the process of photosynthesis occurs in the

A

chloroplast

77
Q

the nuclear membrane allows certain materials to leave the nucleus thorugh

A

pores

78
Q

the protoplasm outside the nucleus is called the

A

cytoplasm

79
Q

the nuclear membrane is sometimes refereed to as the nuclear

A

envelope

80
Q

Chromosomes are made of DNA molecules and

A

proteins

Anatomy & Physiology (14 decks)

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