Chapter 19: Reproduction Flashcards
_____ is the process by which a single cell duplicated its genetic Material. Otherwise known as Mitosis.
Reproduction
____ _____ enables us to maintain ourselves.
Cellular Reproduction
A fertilized egg is also known as a
Zygote
Cellular Division that produces the sex cells is called
Meiosis
How many chromosomes does one gamate (Sex cell; e.g. Sperm/Egg) contain.
23
How many chromosomes does a zygote contain?
46
What is the purpose of the Reproduction System
To produce Offspring
What are the primary sex organs of the male reproductive system?
Testes/Gonads
_____ is an outpouching of the abdominal wall, and is the supporting structure of the testes.
Scrotum
Externally, the scrotum appears as a signle pouch of skin separated into lateral portions by a median ridge known as the ____
Raphe
A ______ separates the scrotum into two sacs.
Septum
The ____ muscle located in the spermatic cord, contracts and elevates the testes during exposure to cold, so that the testes may come closer to the pelvic cavity and absorb more body heat.
Cremaster
Dense layer of white fibrous connective tissue covering the testes that divides each teste into a number of smaller, internal compartments known as lobules.
Tunica Albuginea
Each lobule contains three tightly coiled tubules called
Convoluted Seminiferous tubules
The Seminiferous Tubules produce the sperm by a process called
Spermatogenesis
Immature Sperm cells are called
Spermatogonia
The daughter cells of the Spermatogonia, created by mitosis are called
Primary Spermatocytes
The Primary spermatocytes undergo the cellular reduction division called
Meiosis
After the Primary Spermatocytes endure the first stage of Meiosis, they are now considered ______ ________ , and their chromosomes are reduced from 46 to 23.
Secondary Spermatocytes
After the Secondary Spermatocytes go through the second stage of Meiosis, they are then called _______. These eventually mature into sperm cells.
Spermatids
These cells produce secretions that supply nutrients for the developing sperm cells.
Sertoli
Mature Sperm cells are also called
Spermatozoa
This produces testosterone
Interstitial cells of Leydig
Spermatozoa are produced at a rate of
300 million per day.
Sperm cells have a life expectancy of ______ after leaving the gonads.
48 hours
The _____ of the sperm cell is developed from the nucleus of a spermatid cell and contains the genetic material.
head
The _____, which is found on the head of the sperm cell, contains enzymes that aid the sperm cell in penetrating the covering of the female egg cell or ovum.
Acrosome
The middle piece or _______ of the sperm cell contains numerous mitochondria, which produce ATP that provides the energy for locomotion.
Collar
The tail of the sperm cell is called
Flagellum
Network of ducts found in the Testes
Rete Testes
When the sperm cells are ready to exit the Testes, they go through a series of efferent ducts, and empty into a single tube known as the _____ ________
Ductus Epididymus
The _______ is a comma-shaped structure located along the posterior border of the testes that contains the Ductus Epididymus
Epididymis
After the Epididymis, the sperm is ready to be ejaculated from the next tube which is known as the ____ ____
Ductus Deferens, also known as the Vas Deferens, or also known as the Seminal Duct.
The ________ _________ is a connective tissue sheath that encloses the Vas Deferens.
Spermatic Cord
The end of the vas deferens has a dilated terminal portion known as the
Ampulla
