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Anatomy & Physiology > Chapter 1: The Human Body > Flashcards

Chapter 1: The Human Body Flashcards

1
Q

_______ is the structure of the body, and __________ is the function

A

Anatomy

Physiology

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2
Q

The four reference systems are ____,____,_____, and______

A

Directions
Planes
Cavities
Structural

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3
Q

The upper structures are considered to be____, and a lower structure is _______.

A

Superior

Inferior

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4
Q

An alternate term for anterior is _______,

A

Ventral

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5
Q

An alternate term for dorsal is

A

Posterior

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6
Q

Toward the head

A

Superior/Cranial/Cephallic

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7
Q

Nearest the Origin

A

Proximal

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8
Q

The opposite of the nearest point of attachment is

A

Distal

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9
Q

The plane parallel to the medain is the ____ plane

A

Sagittal

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10
Q

Dividing the body into superior and inferior parts

A

Transverse/Horizontal

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11
Q

Anterior and posterior portions are divided by the

A

Frontal/Coronal

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12
Q

The organs of any cavity are referred as

A

Visceral

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13
Q

The dorsal cavity is divided into the

A

Cranial and Spinal cavity

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14
Q

Between the pleural cavities is the

A

Mediastinum

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15
Q

The lining of the abdominal wall is the

A

Parietal Paritoneum

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16
Q

_____ are the smallest units of life

A

Cells

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17
Q

______ is the liquid portion of a cell

A

Protoplasm

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18
Q

_____ is the study of diseases of the body

A

Pathology

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19
Q

The four categories of body tissue

A

Epithelial
Connective
Nervous
Muscular

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20
Q

____Muscle is found in the heart

A

Cardiac

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21
Q

The integumentary system is made up of the ___ and the ___

A

Epidermis and Dermis

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22
Q

The balanced maintenace of the internal environment is

A

Homeostasis

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23
Q

The body is cooled by the action of ____ glands

A

Sweat

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24
Q

A group of organs performing a common function is called an __________ ____________

A

Organ system

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25
Q

Three kinds of muscle tissue are

A

Cardiac
Skeletal
Smooth

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26
Q

Occasionally, _________ is synonymous with inferior

A

Caudal

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27
Q

All of the organ ____ together constitute a functioning human being

A

Systems

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28
Q

The ____ system manufactures blood cells in red bone marrow

A

Skeletal

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29
Q

The belly side

A

Ventral

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30
Q

Toward the head

A

Cranial

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31
Q

Toward the tail

A

Caudal

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32
Q

Frontal Plane

A

Coronal

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33
Q

Toward the Side

A

Lateral

34
Q

Nearest the Midline

A

Medial

35
Q

Vertical Division through the midline

A

Midsagittal

36
Q

Divide into superior and inferior

A

Horizontal/Transverse

37
Q

Second subdivision of the ventral cavity

A

Abdominopelvic

38
Q

Organ Covering

A

Visceral

39
Q

Between the Pleural Cavities

A

Mediastinum

40
Q

Separates the abdominopelvic and thoracic cavities

A

Diaphragm

41
Q

Cavity surrounded by the rib cage

A

Thoracic

42
Q

Solution containing groups of large molecules

A

Colloidal

43
Q

Tissue covers surfaces

A

Epithelial

44
Q

The first person to correctly illustrate the human skeleton was

A

Leonardo da vinci

45
Q

Salivary glands produce saliva, which contain

A

Enzymes

46
Q

When referring to terms of direction, the human body is erect and facing

A

Forward

47
Q

The study of diseases is called

A

pathology

48
Q

What position is the thoracic cavity in relation to the abdominal cavity?

A

Superior

49
Q

Cranial is synonymous with

A

Superior

50
Q

The term that best describes the direction nearest to the midline of the body is

A

Medial

51
Q

With relation to the ankle, the knee is

A

Proximal

52
Q

With relation to the elbow, the wrist is,

A

Distal

53
Q

Any plany parallel to the median plane is

A

Sagittal

54
Q

A cut through the long axis of an organ is called what kind of section?

A

Longitudinal

55
Q

A cut at right angles to the long axis is referred to as

A

Transverse

56
Q

The body has how many major cavities?

A

2

57
Q

The dorsal cavity contains organs of which system?

A

Nervous

58
Q

The ventral cavity contains organs that are involved in maintaining

A

Homeostasis

59
Q

The heart is in its sac resides in which cavity

A

Pericardial

60
Q

The ovaries and uterus in women are contained in which cavity?

A

Abdominopelvic

61
Q

The membrane lining the pleural wall is the

A

Parietal pleural

62
Q

The membrane covering the abdominal organs is the

A

Visceral peritoneum

63
Q

The memberane covering the lungs is the

A

Visceral Pleural

64
Q

The basic unit of biologic organization is the cell. Cells grouped togehter make up

A

Tissues

65
Q

Mitochondria, ribosomes, and lysosomes are considered

A

organelles

66
Q

The type of tissue with little, if any, intercellular material is

A

Epithelial

67
Q

The type of tissue having cells that produce elastin and collagen is

A

Connective

68
Q

Which type of tissue has cells so long that they are fivers

A

Muscle

69
Q

Which system has organs functioning as levers

A

Skeletal

70
Q

Fibrous connective tissue is known as

A

Tendons

71
Q

Interpreting stimuli from the external environment is the function of which system

A

Endocrine

72
Q

Which of the following systems has as one of its functions the elimination of waste?

A

Respiratory

73
Q

Of the following hormones, which one moves excess sugar into the liver

A

Insulin

74
Q

What is the best example of the negative feedback loop

A

Sweating

75
Q

What is not a function of the integumentary system

A

Movement

76
Q

What is not part of the lymphatic system

A

Liver

77
Q

Which cavity contains the brain and spinal cord

A

Dorsal

78
Q

Blood vessels dilate to

A

Dissipate body heat

79
Q

Which system includes the sebaceous glands

A

Integumentary

80
Q

What is the thoracic cavity surrounded by

A

Rib Cage

Anatomy & Physiology (14 decks)

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