Chapter 18: The Urinary System Flashcards
This system helps to keep the body in homeostasis by both removing and restoring selected amounts of solutes and water from the blood.
The Urinary System
Organs of the Urinary System
2 Kidneys
2 Ureters
Bladder
Urethra
Functions of the Urinary System
Excretion Maintain blood volume and concentration pH Regulation Blood Pressure Erythrocyte Concentration Vitamin D Produdction
Position of the kidneys is called
Retroperitoneal
Notch in the kidney where the ureter leaves
Hilum
Innermost layer of the kidney. Functions as barrier to infections
Renal Capsule
Second or middle layer of Kidney. Functions to protect the kidney from blows, or getting hit.
Adipose Capsule
Outermost layer of Kidney which anchors the kidneys to their surrounding structures.
Renal Fascia
Outer area within the Kidney
Cortex
Inner area within the Kidney
Medulla
How many Renal Pyramids are found within the Medulla
8 - 18
Tips of the Renal Pyramids are called
Renal Papillae
Space between each Renal Pyramid are called
Renal Columns
The cortex and the renal pyramids make up the
Parenchyma of the kidney
Microscopic collecting tubules found within the parenchyma
Nephron
Functional unit of the kidney
Nephron
A funnel-shaped structure which surrounds the tip of each renal pyramid collecting urine.
Minor Calyx
How many Minor Calyces (Plural Calyx) are there in the kidney
8-18
How many Major Calyces (Plural Calyx) are there in the kidney
2-3
The major calyces join together to form the large collecting funnel called the ___ ___ which can be found in the Renal Sinus
Renal Pelvis
The renal pelvis narrows to form the
Ureter
What are the two types of Nephrons
Juxtamedullary
Cortical
These nephrons have loops of Henle that extend deep into the medulla.
Juxtamedullary
These nephrons have loops of Henle that do not extend deep into the Medulla.
Cortical
Epithelial cells found in the visceral layer of the Bowman’s Glomerular Capsule.
Podocytes
The nephron begins as a double walled globe known as
Bowman’s Glomerular Capsule
Capillary network found within the Bowman’s Globerular Capsule
Glomerulus
The Bowman’s glomerular capsule and the enclosed glomerulus make up the
Renal Corpuscle
First part of the Renal Tubule
Proximal Convoluted Tubule
Section of Renal Tubule found after the Proximal Convoluted Tubule
Limb of Henle
How much blood is passed through the kidney every minute
1200 mL
How many times a day is blood being filtered by the kidneys
60 times a day
What are the three process that occur in the nephrons when urine is being created.
Glomerular Filtration
Tubular Reabsorption
Tubular Secretion
