Chapter 18: The Urinary System

Question 1

This system helps to keep the body in homeostasis by both removing and restoring selected amounts of solutes and water from the blood.

Answer 1

The Urinary System

Question 2

Organs of the Urinary System

Answer 2

2 Kidneys
2 Ureters
Bladder
Urethra

Question 3

Functions of the Urinary System

Answer 3

Excretion
Maintain blood volume and concentration
pH Regulation
Blood Pressure 
Erythrocyte Concentration
Vitamin D Produdction

Question 4

Position of the kidneys is called

Answer 4

Retroperitoneal

Question 5

Notch in the kidney where the ureter leaves

Answer 5

Hilum

Question 6

Innermost layer of the kidney. Functions as barrier to infections

Answer 6

Renal Capsule

Question 7

Second or middle layer of Kidney. Functions to protect the kidney from blows, or getting hit.

Answer 7

Adipose Capsule

Question 8

Outermost layer of Kidney which anchors the kidneys to their surrounding structures.

Answer 8

Renal Fascia

Question 9

Outer area within the Kidney

Answer 9

Cortex

Question 10

Inner area within the Kidney

Answer 10

Medulla

Question 11

How many Renal Pyramids are found within the Medulla

Answer 11

8 - 18

Question 12

Tips of the Renal Pyramids are called

Answer 12

Renal Papillae

Question 13

Space between each Renal Pyramid are called

Answer 13

Renal Columns

Question 14

The cortex and the renal pyramids make up the

Answer 14

Parenchyma of the kidney

Question 15

Microscopic collecting tubules found within the parenchyma

Answer 15

Nephron

Question 16

Functional unit of the kidney

Answer 16

Nephron

Question 17

A funnel-shaped structure which surrounds the tip of each renal pyramid collecting urine.

Answer 17

Minor Calyx

Question 18

How many Minor Calyces (Plural Calyx) are there in the kidney

Answer 18

8-18

Question 19

How many Major Calyces (Plural Calyx) are there in the kidney

Answer 19

2-3

Question 20

The major calyces join together to form the large collecting funnel called the ___ ___ which can be found in the Renal Sinus

Answer 20

Renal Pelvis

Question 21

The renal pelvis narrows to form the

Answer 21

Ureter

Question 22

What are the two types of Nephrons

Answer 22

Juxtamedullary

Cortical

Question 23

These nephrons have loops of Henle that extend deep into the medulla.

Answer 23

Juxtamedullary

Question 24

These nephrons have loops of Henle that do not extend deep into the Medulla.

Answer 24

Cortical

Question 25

Epithelial cells found in the visceral layer of the Bowman’s Glomerular Capsule.

Answer 25

Podocytes

Question 26

The nephron begins as a double walled globe known as

Answer 26

Bowman’s Glomerular Capsule

Question 27

Capillary network found within the Bowman’s Globerular Capsule

Answer 27

Glomerulus

Question 28

The Bowman’s glomerular capsule and the enclosed glomerulus make up the

Answer 28

Renal Corpuscle

Question 29

First part of the Renal Tubule

Answer 29

Proximal Convoluted Tubule

Question 30

Section of Renal Tubule found after the Proximal Convoluted Tubule

Answer 30

Limb of Henle

Question 31

How much blood is passed through the kidney every minute

Answer 31

1200 mL

Question 32

How many times a day is blood being filtered by the kidneys

Answer 32

60 times a day

Question 33

What are the three process that occur in the nephrons when urine is being created.

Answer 33

Glomerular Filtration
Tubular Reabsorption
Tubular Secretion