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NSCA-CPT Part 1 (Exercise Science) > Chapter 3: Bioenergetics > Flashcards

Chapter 3: Bioenergetics Flashcards

1
Q

breakdown of large molecules to smaller

A

catabolic

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2
Q

building of large molecules from smaller

A

anabolic

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3
Q

anabolism and catabolism are two branches of

A

metabolism

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4
Q

three types of energy systems

A

physphogen
glycolysis
oxidatvie

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5
Q

only this macro can be metabolized for energy without the direct involvment of oxygen

A

carb

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6
Q

generally these MF type contain greater concentrations of phospoagens

A

fast twitch

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7
Q

this primarily regulates the breakdown of creatine phosphate

A

creatine kinase

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8
Q

this promotes creatine kiinase activity, and this decreases creatine kinase activity

A

ADP

ATP

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9
Q

the breakdown of carbs, either from glycogen or glucose in the blood to produce ATP

A

glycolysis

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10
Q

Time frame for glycolysis

A

high-intensity muscle activity that lasts up to about 2 min

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11
Q

glycolysis occurs here

A

cytosol

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12
Q

fast glycolysis

A

anaerobic glycolysis, production of lactate as end product

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13
Q

slow glycolysis

A

aerobic glycolysis, production of pyruvate as end product

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14
Q

energy from fast glycolysis

A

2 ATP

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15
Q

energy from slow glycolysis

A

2 pyruvate
2 ATP
2 NADH

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16
Q

rate limiting enzyme of glycolysis

A

PFK

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17
Q

lactate is used as this2

A

energy source for type 1 and cardiac muscle

gluconeogenesis

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18
Q

process of lactate being transported in the blood to the liver where it is converted to glucose

A

cori cycle

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19
Q

peak blood lactate concentration occurs at this time

A

approximately 5 minutes after cessation of exercise

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20
Q

this can increase blood lactate clearance rates

A

being trained

light activity post exercise

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21
Q

exercise intensity or relative intensity at which blood lactate begins an abrupt increase above the baseline concentration

A

lactate threshold

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22
Q

this represents an increaseing reliance on anaerobic mechanisms

A

LT

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23
Q

LT in trained vs untrained individuals

A

70-80% vo2

50-60% vo2

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24
Q

this generally occurs when the concentration of blood lactate is near 4mmol/L, and is the second inflection point on the blood lactate curve

A

onset of blood lactate accumulation (OBLA)

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25
Q

this can raise the point at which the LT and OBLA occur

A

training at or near the LT and OBLA, due to increased mitochondrial density

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26
Q

primary source of ATP at rest and during aerobic activites

A

oxidative system (aerobic)

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27
Q

this macro is normally not metabolized significantly except during long-term starvation and bouts of exercise lasting longer than this

A

protein

>90 minutes

28
Q

At rest this percent of energy is derived from fats, and this percent from carbs

A

70

30

29
Q

T/F: after a long duration at Steady state exercise, energy use reverts from primarily carbs to fat and protein

A

true

30
Q

Conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-coa generates this much energy

A

2 NADH

31
Q

Conversion of Acetyl-coa in the Krebs cycle generates this much energy

A

2 ATP
6 NADH
2 FADH

32
Q

NADH produces this much ATP from ETC, and FADH produces this much ATP

A

3

2

33
Q

Net ATP from one molecule of glucose through glycolysis and the krebs cycle

A

38 ATP

34
Q

Triglycerides are broken down by this

A

hormone sensitive lipase

35
Q

t/f: hormone sensitive lipase releases FFA from fat cells to the blood

A

T

36
Q

FFA undergo this process inside the mitochondria

A

beta oxidation

37
Q

ATP from 1 molecule of glycerol

A

22

38
Q

major amino acids broken down for energy

A

BCAA

39
Q

rate limiting step of krebs cycle

A

isocitrate dehydrogenase

40
Q

ICDH is inhibitied, and stimulated by

A

ATP

ADP

41
Q

T/F: the extent to which each energy system is utilized depends primarily on the duration of the activity, and secondly on its intensity

A

F, Intensity then duration

42
Q

the amount of physical work perfromed for a particular duration

A

power

43
Q

level of muscular activity that can be quantified in terms of power output

A

intensity

44
Q

duration of phosphagen system, very intense

A
45
Q

duration of fast glycolysis, intense

A

6 to 30 sec

46
Q

duration of fast glycolysis, heavy intensity

A

30 s - 2 min

47
Q

duration of oxidative system, moderate intensity

A

2-3 min

48
Q

duration of oxidative system, light intensity

A

> 3 min

49
Q

creatine phosphate can decrease by 50-70% during the first 5-30- seconds of exercise, and can almost be eliminated by longer duration, maximal intensity exercise

A

T

50
Q

Muscle ATp concentrations do not decrease by more than this from initial values

A

60%

51
Q

activites that shorten the muscle require more energy than those with isometric contractions

A

t

52
Q

complete resyntheis of atp after exercise occurs in this time frame

A

3-5 min

53
Q

complete resynthesis of CP after exercise occurs in this time frame

A

8 min

54
Q

repletion of phosphagens occurs largely as a result of this

A

aerobic metabolism

55
Q

This amount of glycogen is stored in the muscle (total) and this much in the liver

A

300-400g

70-100g

56
Q

Muscle glycogen is more important for these types of exercise

A

moderate, to high intensity

57
Q

liver glycogen is more important for these types of exercise

A

low intensity

58
Q

this increases the rate of glycogenolysis

A

intensity

59
Q

this can become a limiting factor to exercise with there is a larger amount of total work completed

A

glycogen

60
Q

glycogen repletion is maximal if this amount of carbs is ingested post exercise

A

0.7-3.0 g/kg every 2 hours following exercise (for 24 hours)

61
Q

T/F: highly eccentric exercise may require a longer time to replenish glycogen

A

T

62
Q

the anaerobic contribution to the total energy cost of exercise

A

oxygen deficit

63
Q

increased postexercise oxygen uptake is called

A

excess postexercise oxygen consumptioon (EPOC)

64
Q

The oxygen uptake above resting values used to resotre the body to the preexercise condition

A

EPOC

65
Q

Train the client for this

A

specificity of the energy system utilized for the desired activity

NSCA-CPT Part 1 (Exercise Science) (8 decks)

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