Chapter 2: Cardiorespiratory System and Gas Exchange

Question 1

volume of oxygen a gram of hemoglobin can carry

Answer 1

1.39 ml

Question 2

average amount of hemoglobin in the blood of a healthy individual

Answer 2

15 g

Question 3

90% of hemoglobin is bound to oxygen at this partial pressure of oxygen

Answer 3

60 mmHg

Question 4

binding of one molecule of oxygen leads to a greater affinity for oxygen in hemoglobin

Answer 4

cooperative binding

Question 5

These shift the oxygen hemoglobin dissociation curve to the right, resulting in an increase of the release of oxygen to myoglobin

Answer 5

increased temp

decreased pH

Question 6

time from SA node impulse to contraction of the ventricles

Answer 6

0.2 seconds

Question 7

valve that separates the right side of the heart

Answer 7

tricuspid valve

Question 8

valve that separates the left side of the heart

Answer 8

mitral/bicuspid valve

Question 9

the resistance of the entire systemic circulation is called

Answer 9

total peripheral resistance

Question 10

the stimulation of this NS causes constriction or dilation of vessels

Answer 10

sympathetic NS

Question 11

pressure exerted against the aterials walls as blood is forcefully ejected during ventricular contraction

Answer 11

Systolic BP

Question 12

Work of the heart is reffered to as this

Answer 12

rate-pressure product RPP

or double product

Question 13

RPP =

Answer 13

SBP x HR

Question 14

pressure exerted against the aterial walls when no blood is being forcefully ejected through the vessels

Answer 14

DBP

Question 15

MAP

Answer 15

mean arterial blood pressure

Question 16

T/F: MAP is the average SBP and DBP

Answer 16

F, DBP is a larger contributing factor

Question 17

Amount of blood pumped by the heart in one minute

Answer 17

cardiac output

Question 18

Cardiac output (Q) =

Answer 18

Stroke volume x HR

Question 19

amount of blood ejected per beat

Answer 19

Stroke volume

Question 20

SV =

Answer 20

EDV -ESV

Question 21

the more the left ventricle is stretched, the more forceful the contraction and thus the greater volume of blood leaving the ventricle

Answer 21

frank-starling principle

Question 22

EDV is influenced by 2

Answer 22

heart volume

venous return of blood to the heart

Question 23

of generations in the lungs (count after the split of the trachea into left and right bronchi)

Answer 23

23

Question 24

method of examining static lung volumes

Answer 24

spirometry

Question 25

normal breathing

Answer 25

tidal volume

Question 26

vital capacity=

Answer 26

total lung capacity - residual volume

Question 27

movement of gas (oxygen/CO2) across a cell membrane

Answer 27

diffusion

Question 28

the amount of oxygen used by the tissues of the body

Answer 28

oxygen comsumption or oxygen uptake (Vo2)

Question 29

Traditionally the term oxygen consumption is used in this situation

Answer 29

oxygen used by the tissue is directly measured

Question 30

The name for the formula which represents Vo2

Answer 30

fick equation

Question 31

Vo2 =

Answer 31

Cardiac Output (Q) x arterial-venous oxygen difference(a-vO2)

Question 32

the highest amount of oxygen that can be used at the cellular level for the entire body

Answer 32

Vo2max

Question 33

relative Vo2 at rest is typically

Answer 33

3.5 ml/kg/min