Chapter 3 - Adaptations

Question 1

What are Basic needs?

Answer 1

Food, water, air, and shelter

All living things have the same needs

Question 2

What is adaptation?

Answer 2

Is a body part or behavior that a living thing gets from its parents and which helps it survive.

Fur color (for animals)
Scales (for fish)
Frogs; lizards (long tongues to catch insects)
Birds (beaks and migrating to a warmer climate)

Question 3

What are instincts?

Answer 3

Behaviors animals are born with that help them meet their needs.

So they are inherited traits

I.e.: a spider knows how to spin a web to catch its food

Question 4

What is learned behavior?

Answer 4

Animals are taught behaviors to help them meet their needs

Question 5

What is migration?

Answer 5

To move from one area to another.

It is an instinctive behavior

Animals migrate to a place that has more food and a better climate

Question 6

What is hibernation?

Answer 6

Animals enter a dormant, inactive state.

The heart barely beats, breathing almost stops.

The body temperature drops to just above freezing

Since the body is barely working, a hibernating animal doesn’t use much energy and doesn’t need to eat. There is enough fat stored in the animals body to keep it alive through the winter

Question 7

What is a fossil?

Answer 7

Evidence of a plant or animal that lived long ago

Ie:: footprints, bones, teeth etc

Question 8

What is extinction?

Answer 8

All members of a certain kind of living thing have died.

It can happen when a habitat changes, increase of predators, decrease in food supply.

Question 9

What are basic needs of plants?

Answer 9

Sunlight to make their own food

Water

Air

All through openings in leaves (stomata)

Question 10

Why do plants and animals have adaptations?

Answer 10

These adaptations help them meet their basic needs

Question 11

Why don’t all animals have the same adaptations?

Answer 11

Animals eat different foods, live in different places and have different enemies, so they need different adaptations to survive

Question 12

Why don’t all animals migrate or hibernate?

Answer 12

Some animals have adapted to survive cold weather and don’t need to avoid it.

Others have different methods of surviving the cold, such as living in burrows under the ground.

Question 13

What are some examples of adaptations?

Answer 13

Fur color, scales, different kinds of beaks and feet, migration, hibernation

Question 14

What are some instinctive behaviors?

Answer 14

When babies cry, when babies drink from a bottle, web making, nest making, living in herds

Question 15

Why do some animals hibernate?

Answer 15

Some animals hibernate to live through the winter. Most animals hibernate in winter, when food is scare and temperatures are cold

Question 16

How are animals hibernating needs different from their normal needs?

Answer 16

The animals need little or no food when they are hibernating

Question 17

What must an animal do before it begins to hibernate?

Answer 17

The animal must eat more food to gain fat and must make a shelter before it hibernates

Question 18

How do animals know when to migrate?

Answer 18

Animals know by instinct when to migrate, but it is generally when the day length (hours of sunlight) changes

Question 19

What are some learned behaviors that animals may have?

Answer 19

Mammal mothers usually teach their young how to get food and how to protect themselves. Some animals can be trained (dogs)

Question 20

How might a change in the environment affect plants differently than it would animals?

Answer 20

If a habitat no longer meets the needs of animals, the animals might be able to move to find a suitable new habitat.

Plants cannot move, however, and might not survive such changes.