Chapter 1 - Classifying Living Things Flashcards
What is an ORGANISM?
It’s a living thing
All living things have the ability to reproduce, respond to the environment and obtain energy
Why do scientists CLASSIFY organisms?
What are some examples of classifications?
So they can study them and place them into groups
Organisms that live in the ocean
Group them by how they move
Animal kingdom
Plant kingdom
Animals move to get their food
Plants make their own food
What are the five main groups scientists use to classify living things?
Animals, plants, fungi, bacteria, and protist
What are microscopic organisms?
Organisms that cannot be seen with the eye alone
Most have one cell
They are in the bacteria and protist kingdoms
What are cells?
Cells are the basic units of structure and function in all living things.
Every part of us is made of cells.
What does the nucleus do?
Controls everything that the cell does
How do cells make new cells?
By dividing
How are plant cells different than animal cells?
How are they the same?
Different - plant cells are surrounded by a stiff cell wall and they have chloroplasts where food is made
Same - take in materials, get rid of wastes and divide up.
What is a cell membrane?
Allows material to enter and leave the cell
Cells must get rid of waste products.
What are mitochondria?
The powerhouse of the cell.
They combine OXYGEN and GLUCOSE to release ENERGY
The cell then uses energy to carry out all its activities
What is CYTOPLASM?
It’s a jellylike soup that fills most of the cell and helps keep the cells parts in place
What is a VACUOLE?
Storage spaces in the cell.
They store water and nutrients until other cell structures need them.
Some store wastes until the cell can get rid of them.
What is Chloroplast?
Makes food for the plant.
They hold a green substance called chlorophyll that captures energy in sunlight.
Chloroplasts use this energy to combine carbon dioxide and water.
This produces a kind of sugar called glucose which is the plants food.
What is a cell wall?
The outer covering of a plant cell
Bacteria
Most the most numerous organisms on earth
Not all are bad, most are useful
