Chapter 14 - Electricity, Magnetism, & Energy Flashcards
Define and give an example of ‘current electricity’.
a steady stream of charges
Define and give an example of a ‘circuit’.
closed: charges going around a circuit has no beginning or end; like a circle
open: then charges stop flowing
Define and give an example of a ‘series circuit’.
has only one path for the electric current to follow
Define and give an example of a ‘parallel circuit’.
has more than one path for the electric current to follow
Define and give an example of ‘conductors’.
allow electricity to flow through them freely
Define and give an example of ‘insulators’.
do not allow electricity to flow through them freely
Define and give an example of ‘kinetic energy’.
kinesis = movement, the energy of motion
ex: riding a bike
Define and give an example of ‘potential energy’.
energy an object has because of its position or condition - the potential to become kinetic
ex: a kid on a slide at the park on the top waiting to go down
Define and give an example of ‘static electricity’.
an electrical charge that builds up in an object
ex: socks on rugs, touching tv/computer screen, balloon + hair
Define and give an example of a ‘magnet’.
object that attracts iron and a few other metals
Define and give an example of a ‘magnetic pole’.
A magnet has two places at which its force is the strongest. Each of these is called a magnetic pole. The end that points north is the North seeking pole. The end that points south is the South seeking pole. Note: Opposites attract N+S, S+N
Define and give an example of a ‘magnetic field’.
is the space around a magnet in which the force of the magnet acts
Define and give an example of a ‘generator’.
machine that produces electric current (made of coil of wires and magnets)
Generators use motion to produce electricity
Define and give an example of an ‘electromagnet’.
A temporary magnet. When coils wrap around an iron core, such as a nail, the core becomes an electromagnet. It has a magnetic force only when an electric current moves through the wire. The electromagnet does not work if the current is switched off. With many coils of wire and a strong current, electromagnets can be made very strong. In junk yards, electromagnets lift tons of scrap iron and steel.
Define and give an example of an ‘electric motor’.
a device that changes electrical energy into mechanical energy.
Define and give an example of ‘hydroelectric power’.
water; ‘hydro’ in Greek means water
ex: waterfall, dams
Define and give an example of ‘geothermal power’.
heat from the inside the Earth; ‘geo’ in Greek means Earth, ‘thermo’ in Greek means heat
Define and give an example of ‘solar power / solar energy’.
energy from the sun
Define and give an example of ‘chemical energy’.
energy stored in the arrangement of particles of matter
Gasoline, which is made from oil, has chemical energy. So do coal and natural gas.
Define and give an example of ‘mechanical energy’.
makes machine parts move. Car engines burn gasoline to change its chemical energy into mechanical energy,
Chemical energy is what makes batteries work
