Chapter 14 - Electricity, Magnetism, & Energy

Question 1

Define and give an example of ‘current electricity’.

Answer 1

a steady stream of charges

Question 2

Define and give an example of a ‘circuit’.

Answer 2

closed: charges going around a circuit has no beginning or end; like a circle
open: then charges stop flowing

Question 3

Define and give an example of a ‘series circuit’.

Answer 3

has only one path for the electric current to follow

Question 4

Define and give an example of a ‘parallel circuit’.

Answer 4

has more than one path for the electric current to follow

Question 5

Define and give an example of ‘conductors’.

Answer 5

allow electricity to flow through them freely

Question 6

Define and give an example of ‘insulators’.

Answer 6

do not allow electricity to flow through them freely

Question 7

Define and give an example of ‘kinetic energy’.

Answer 7

kinesis = movement, the energy of motion

ex: riding a bike

Question 8

Define and give an example of ‘potential energy’.

Answer 8

energy an object has because of its position or condition - the potential to become kinetic

ex: a kid on a slide at the park on the top waiting to go down

Question 9

Define and give an example of ‘static electricity’.

Answer 9

an electrical charge that builds up in an object

ex: socks on rugs, touching tv/computer screen, balloon + hair

Question 10

Define and give an example of a ‘magnet’.

Answer 10

object that attracts iron and a few other metals

Question 11

Define and give an example of a ‘magnetic pole’.

Answer 11

A magnet has two places at which its force is the strongest. Each of these is called a magnetic pole. The end that points north is the North seeking pole. The end that points south is the South seeking pole. Note: Opposites attract N+S, S+N

Question 12

Define and give an example of a ‘magnetic field’.

Answer 12

is the space around a magnet in which the force of the magnet acts

Question 13

Define and give an example of a ‘generator’.

Answer 13

machine that produces electric current (made of coil of wires and magnets)

Generators use motion to produce electricity

Question 14

Define and give an example of an ‘electromagnet’.

Answer 14

A temporary magnet. When coils wrap around an iron core, such as a nail, the core becomes an electromagnet. It has a magnetic force only when an electric current moves through the wire. The electromagnet does not work if the current is switched off. With many coils of wire and a strong current, electromagnets can be made very strong. In junk yards, electromagnets lift tons of scrap iron and steel.

Question 15

Define and give an example of an ‘electric motor’.

Answer 15

a device that changes electrical energy into mechanical energy.

Question 16

Define and give an example of ‘hydroelectric power’.

Answer 16

water; ‘hydro’ in Greek means water

ex: waterfall, dams

Question 17

Define and give an example of ‘geothermal power’.

Answer 17

heat from the inside the Earth; ‘geo’ in Greek means Earth, ‘thermo’ in Greek means heat

Question 18

Define and give an example of ‘solar power / solar energy’.

Answer 18

energy from the sun

Question 19

Define and give an example of ‘chemical energy’.

Answer 19

energy stored in the arrangement of particles of matter

Gasoline, which is made from oil, has chemical energy. So do coal and natural gas.

Question 20

Define and give an example of ‘mechanical energy’.

Answer 20

makes machine parts move. Car engines burn gasoline to change its chemical energy into mechanical energy,

Chemical energy is what makes batteries work