Chapter 3 Flashcards
(40 cards)
What does the Gastrointestinal Tract include?
- Mouth
- Esophagus
- Stomach
- Small intestines
- Large intestine (colon)
- Rectum
- Anus
What is Mechanical digestion?
The physical breakdown of food
(Chewing “bolus”)
What is chemical digestion?
Usage and breakdown of foods by enzymes (ex: Amalyase “saliva”)
Esophagus?
A muscular tube through which bolus travels from mouth to stomach
What is peristalsis?
Involuntary muscle movement that pushes the food bolus from the mouth to the stomach
What is the Cardiac sphincter?
Circular muscles at the bottom of the esophagus that prevent food back flow
Functions of the stomach?
- helps to store and churn food
The stomach consists of the __________, __________ and ___________.
Fundus
Body
Pylorus
Food spends how much time in the stomach?
2-6 hours
What does the pyloric sphincter do?
Holds the chyme in the stomach until it’s ready to be passed into the small intestines.
Where does the majority of nutrient absorption occur?
Small intestines
What does the small intestine consist of?
- Duodenum
- Jejunum
- Ileum
Roughly how long does it take for food to through the small intestines?
About 5 hours
__________________ = Major Organ of digestion and most absorption?
The Small intestines
The small intestines consist of ________ and __________.
Villi
Microvilli
What are Accessory Digestive Organs?
- Liver
- Gallbladder
- Pancreas
___________ = the body’s filter?
Liver
What does the Liver do?
Regulates most chemical levels in the blood and produces bile
What Accessory organ stores bile?
Gallbladder
What does the Pancreas do?
Secrets enzymes, hormones, and bicarbonate
What does bicarbonate do?
Provides a buffer for the high acidity
What does the large intestine consist of?
- Cecum
- Colon
- Rectum
Passage of food through the Large intestine takes about how long?
9 to 16 hours
____________ has the longest transfer time of food through the digestive tract?
Large intestine
