Chapter 3

Question 1

Oxygenation occurs at the ______, the terminal sacs of the lungs.

Answer 1

alveoli

Question 2

_____ is an unpleasant sensory, and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage

Answer 2

Pain

Question 3

_______ pain is well localized and described as sharp.

Answer 3

Somatic

Question 4

_________ pain, however, results from activation of nociceptors within the organ.

Answer 4

Visceral

Question 5

The pain from an ____ is usually constant and is worsened by exertion, but not normally worsened with a deep breath or with palpation on the area where the pain is being felt.

Answer 5

AMI

Question 6

A ______ pain is associated with dissection of an aneurysm.

Answer 6

tearing

Question 7

If the pulse is weak and thready, _________ is compromised.

Answer 7

cardiac output

Question 8

_______ is a life threatening condition that results from a progressive deterioration and worsting of a simple pneumothorax.

Answer 8

Tension Pneumothorax

Question 9

_____& of PE patients present with hypotension, which suggests a poor prognosis.

Answer 9

10

Question 10

The most common ECG finding in PE is ___________.

Answer 10

Sinus Tachycardia

Question 11

Auscultation of heart sounds may pick up ______ sign, in which a crunching sound is heard during systole.

Answer 11

Hamman’s

Question 12

The aorta is suspended from a iced ligament, the ____________.

Answer 12

ligamentum arteriosum

Question 13

A significant decrease in blood pressure in one of the arms suggests ________.

Answer 13

aortic dissection

Question 14

_____ is the primary diagnostic test chosen to find aortic dissection.

Answer 14

CTA

Question 15

______ occurs when fluid accumulates inside the layered pericardial sac surrounding the heart itself.

Answer 15

Cardiac Tamponade

Question 16

The signs and symptoms of tamponade are usually described as a series of three, including _________, __________ and ________.

Answer 16

Hypotension
Distended neck veins
Muffled heart sounds

Question 17

_______ sign, an increase in jugular vein distention during inspiration.

Answer 17

Kussmaul’s

Question 18

In __________, the heart is too heavy to swing back to a normal position in time.

Answer 18

electrical alternans

Question 19

______ is a group of conditions that involved decreased blood flow to the heart muscle.

Answer 19

Acute Coronary Syndrome

Question 20

When atherosclerosis occurs within the coronary arteries, it is referred to as __________.

Answer 20

coronary artery disease

Question 21

____________ is caused by a clot or thrombus that forms in a narrow coronary artery where the plaque has ruptured, causing platelets to aggregate and a clot to form.

Answer 21

Myocardial Infarction

Question 22

________ pain usually comes on with exercise or stress and lasts 3 to 5 minutes, sometimes up to 15 minutes.

Answer 22

Stable Angina

Question 23

__________ occurs at rest and is more severe than prior episodes of angina.`

Answer 23

Unstable Angina

Question 24

________ and _______ are the only prehospital medications known to improve survival from ACS.

Answer 24

oxygen

aspirin

Question 25

A ___________ is a sudden narrowing of a coronary artery that deprives the heart muscle of blood and oxygen.

Answer 25

coronary spasm

Question 26

Coronary vasospasm is thought to be the primary cause of ________-induced MI.

Answer 26

cocaine

Question 27

Patients who are abusing cocaine will show signs gf agitation and ______ pupils.

Answer 27

dilated

Question 28

_________ is an inflammation of the pericardium or pericardial sac.

Answer 28

pericarditis

Question 29

_________ will show ST-segment elevation in almost every lead.

Answer 29

Pericarditis

Question 30

In __________, the pain is sharp and colicky and often follows ingestion of a greasy meal.

Answer 30

Cholecystitis

Question 31

_________ is an acute inflammation of the pancreas and is often caused by gallstones or excessive alcohol abuse.

Answer 31

Pancreatitis

Question 32

A ________ tear in the esophagus usually follows forceful vomiting.

Answer 32

Mallory-Weiss

Question 33

__________ is the primary agent of both chickenpox and herpes-zoster, otherwise known as shingles.

Answer 33

varicella-zoster

Question 34

________ is the term most used to refer to painful respiration and should alert you to conduct a thorough assessment.

Answer 34

Pleurisy

Question 35

________ is the most common heart valve abnormality.

Answer 35

Mitral valve prolapse

Question 36

A pulmonary embolism should be high on your list of suspected diagnosis when assessing a __________ patient.

Answer 36

pregnant