Chapter 3

Question 1

culture

Answer 1

beliefs and actions that define a group of people’s way of life

Question 2

population density

Answer 2

average number of people in a square mile

Question 3

birthrate

Answer 3

number of live births each year per 1,000 people

Question 4

immigrants

Answer 4

people who move into a country

Question 5

emigrants

Answer 5

people who move out of a country

Question 6

urbanization

Answer 6

growth of city populations - twice as fast as rural

Question 7

rural

Answer 7

countryside

Question 8

culture hearth

Answer 8

place where important ideas begin and spread to surrounding cultures

Question 9

language

Answer 9

cornerstone of culture, allows people to communicate

Question 10

religion

Answer 10

helps people answer basic questions about meaning and purpose of life

Question 11

cultural convergence

Answer 11

skills, arts, ideas, habits, and institutions of one culture meet another culture

Question 12

diffusion

Answer 12

culture is transmitted across distance from one group to another

Question 13

cultural divergence

Answer 13

restriction of a culture from outside cultural influences

Question 14

territory

Answer 14

a country’s territory includes land water and natural resources within its boundaries

Question 15

sovereignty

Answer 15

a nation’s freedom from outside control

Question 16

unitary system

Answer 16

one central government runs the nation

Question 17

federation

Answer 17

some powers given to national government and some reserved for local governmnet

Question 18

confederation

Answer 18

central government has very limited power

Question 19

authoritarian government

Answer 19

leaders hold all political power

Question 20

dictatorship

Answer 20

power is concentrated in a small group or single person

Question 21

totalitarianism

Answer 21

government tries to control every part of society

Question 22

monarchy

Answer 22

kings or queens inherit their position by being born into the ruling family

Question 23

democracy

Answer 23

people choose their leaders and government

Question 24

traditional economies

Answer 24

little trade between communities

Question 25

market economy

Answer 25

great freedom to individuals and groups

Question 26

command economy

Answer 26

economic system is controlled by single central government