Chapter 1

Question 1

Geology

Answer 1

the study of the earth’s physical structure and history

Question 2

earth’s layers

Answer 2

core - center, very hot metal
mantle - thick layer of rock
crust - rocky surface layer

Question 3

lithosphere

Answer 3

rock, landforms, and other surface features

Question 4

atmosphere

Answer 4

layer of air, water, and other substances above the surface

Question 5

hyrdosphere

Answer 5

cosinsts of water in oceans, lakes, and rivers

Question 6

biosphere

Answer 6

world of plants, animals, and other living things that occupy land and water

Question 7

continents

Answer 7

the large land masses in the oceams

Question 8

relief

Answer 8

difference in elevation between highest and lowest point

Question 9

volcanoes

Answer 9

form when magma breaks through earth’s crust

Question 10

plate techtonics

Answer 10

theory that earth’s outer shell is not one solid sheet of rock

Question 11

continental drift theory

Answer 11

a single supercontinent (Pangaea) broke into separate continents

Question 12

Ring of Fire

Answer 12

circle of volcanoes surrounding the pacific ocean