Chapter 3 Flashcards
self-handicapping
behaviors designed to sabotage one’s performance to provide an excuse for failure
basking in reflected glory
to increase self-esteem by associating with others who are successful
downward social comparisons
defensive tendency to compare ourselves with others who are worse off
self-concept
sum total of an individual’s beliefs about his or her own personal attributes
self-schema
belief people hold about themselves that guides the processing of self-relevant information
affective forecasting
process of predicting how one would feel in response to future emotional events
self-perception theory
idea that people gain self-insight by observing their own behavior
facial feedback hypothesis
idea that changes in facial expression can lead to corresponding changes in emotion
overjustification effect
tendency for intrinsic motivation to diminish for activities that have become associated with reward
social comparison theory
idea that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others
two-factor theory of emotion
idea that experience of emotion is based on physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation of arousal
dialecticism
system of thought that accepts the coexistence of contradictory characteristics within a single person
self-esteem
affective component of the self, consisting of a person’s positive and negative self-evaluations
sociometer theory
idea that people have a mechanism that enables us to detect acceptance or rejection
terror management theory
idea that humans cope with fear of death by constructing worldviews that help preserve self-esteem
