Chapter 3 Flashcards
Corpora cavernosa
The larger two of the three cylindders of spongy tissue in the penis that becomes congested with bloodd and stiffen during sexual arousal
Corpus spongiosum
The spongy body that runs along the bottom of the penis, contains the penile urethra, and enlarges at the tip of the penis to form the glans
corona
The ridge that seperates the glans front he body of the penis
frenulum
The sensitive strip of tissue that connects the underside of the penile glans to the shaft
root
The base of the penis, which extends into the pelvis
shaft
The body of the penis, which expands as a result of vasocongestion
foreskin
The loose skin that covers the penile glans. Also referred to as the prepuce.
phimosis
A condition in which the foreskin is so tight that it cannot be withdrawn from the glans
scrotum
The pouch of loose skin that contains the testes
spermatic cord
The cord that suspends a testicle within the scrotum and contains a vas deferens, blood vessels, nerves, and the cremaster muscle
vas deferens
A tube that conducts sperm from the testicle to the ejaculatory duct of the penis
cremaster muscle
The muscle that raises and lowers the testicle in response to temperature changes and sexual stimulation
dartos muscle
The muscle in the middle layer of the scrotum that contracts and relaxes in response to temperature changes
germ cell
A cell from which a new organism develops
sperm
The male germ celfl
Androgens
Male sex hormones
Testosterone
A male steroid sex hormone
interstitial cells
Cells that lie between the seminiferous tubules and secrete testosterone
Leydig’s cells
Another term for interstitial cells
secondary Sex characteristics
Traits that distinguish the genders but are not directly involved in reproduction
seminiferous tubules
Tiny, winding, sperm-producing tubes within the lobes of the testes
spermatogenesis
The process by which sperm cells are produced and developed
spermatocyte
An early stage in the development of sperm cells, in which each parent cell has 46 chromosomes, including one X and one Y sex chromosome
spermatids
Cells formed by the division of spermatocytes. Each spermatid has 23 chromosomes.
spermatozoa
Mature sperm cells
epididymis
A tube that lies against the back wall of each testicle and stores sperm
vasectomy
Serving of the vas deferens, preventing sperm from reaching the ejaculatory duct
seminal vesicles
Small glands that lie behind the bladder and secrete fluids that combine with sperm in the ejaculatory ducts
cilia
Hairlike projections from cells that beat rhythmically to produce locomotion or currents
prostate gland
The gland that lies beneath the bladder and secretes prostatic fluid, which gives semen it’s Characteristic odor and texture
Cowper’s glands
Structures that lie below the prostate and empty their secretions into the urethra during sexual arousal
bulbourethral glands
Another term for Cowper’s glands
Semen
The whitish fluid that constitutues the ejaculate, consisting of sperm and secretions from the seminal veslicals, prostate and Cowper’s glands
Urethritis
An inflammation of the bladder or uretra
Cryptorchidism
A condition in which one or two testicles fails to descend from the abdomen into the scrotum
benign prostatic hperplasia
Noncancerous inlargement of the prostate resulting from hormonal changes of angling and symptomizing by urinary frequency, urinary urgecy and difficulty starting the flow of urine
prostatitis
inflammation of the prostate gland
erection
Enlargement and stiffening of the penis caused by engorgement with blood
performance anxiety
Feelings of dread and foreboding experienced in connection with sexual activity (or any other activity that might be judged by another person)
Sacrum
The thick, triangular bone located near the bottom of the spinal column
Autonomic nervous system
The division of the nervous system that regulates automatic bodily processes, such as heartbeat, pupil dilation, respiration, and digestion
Sympathetic
The branch of the ANS most active during emotional responses that spend energy such as fear and anxiety. The sympathetic ANS largely controls ejaculation
Parasympathetic
The branch of the ANS most active during processes that restores energy, like digestion. The parasympathetic ANS largely controls erection
Peyronie’s disease
Excessive curvature of the penis that can make erections painful
Orgasm
The climax of sexual excitment
Paraplegic
A person with sensory and motor paralysis of the lower half of the body
Emission stage
The first phase of ejaculation which involves contractions of the prostate gland, seminal vesicles, and the upper part of the vas deferns
Ampulla
A sac or dilated part of a tube or canal
Urethral bulb
The small tube that makes up the prostatic part of the urethral tract and balloons out as muscles close at either end, trapping semen prior to ejaculation
Expulsion stage
The second stage of ejaculation, during which muscles at the base of the penis and elsewhere contract rhythmically, forcefully expelling semen and providing pleasurable sensations
Retrograde ejaculation
Ejaculation in which the ejaculate empties into the bladder
