Chapter 2 Flashcards
The Mons Veneris
A mound of fatty tissue that covers the joint of the public bones in front of the body, below the abdomen and above the clitoris
labia majora
Large folds of skin that run downward from the Mons along the sides of the vulva
labia minora
Hairless, light colored membranes located between the labia majora
clitoris
A female sex organs consisting of a shaft and clans located above the utheral opening. It is extremely sensitive to sexual sensations
Corpora Cavernosa
Masses of spongy tissue in the clitoral shaft that become engorged with blood and stiffen in response to sexual stimulation
prepuce
The fold of skin covering the glans the clitoris (or penis)
Introitus
The vaginal opening
Hymen
A fold of tissue across the vaginal opening that is usually present at birth and remains at least partly intact until a woman engages in coitus
Perineum
The skin and underlying tissue that lies between the vaginal opening and the anus
crura
Anatomical structures resembling legs that attach the clitoris to the pubic bone
vestibular bulbs
Cavernous structures that extend downward along the sides of the introitus and well during sexual arousal
Bartholin’s glands
Glands that lie just inside the minor lips and secrete fluid just before orgasm
Vagina
The tubular female sex organs that contains the penis during sexual interocourse and through which a baby is born.
douche
Application of a jet liquid to the vagina as a rinse
Cervix
The lower end of the uterus
Os
The opening in middle of the cervix
How to test for Cervical cancer
Pap test examines a sample of cervical cells that are smeared on a slide to screen for cervical cancer and other abnormalities. The HPV test is also appropriate because it finds infections that can lead to cancer.
radiotheraphy
Treatment of a disease by X-rays or by emissions from a radioactive substance
uterus
The hollow, muscular, pear-shaped organ in which a fertilized ovum implants and develops until birth
fundus
The uppermost part of the uterus
endomentrium
The innermost layer of the uterus
Endomentriosis
- A condition caused by the growth of endometrial tissue in the abdominal cavity or elsewhere outside the uterus and characterized by menstrual pain
Myomentrium
- The middle, well-muscled layer of the uterus
Perimetrium
The outer layer of the uterus
Fallopian tubes
- Tubes that extend from the upper uterus toward the ovaries and that conduct ova to the uterus
Ectopic pregrancy
A pregnancy in which the fertilized ovum implants outside the uterus, usually in the fallopian tube
Ovaries
Almond- shaped organs that produce ova and the hormones estrogen and progesterone
Estrogen
A generic term for female sex hormones or synthetic compounds that promote the development of female sex characteristics and regulate the menstrual cycle
progesterone
A steroid hormone secreted by the corpus luteum or prepared synthetically that stimulates proliferation of the endometrium and is involved in regulation of the menstrual cycle
follicle
A capsule within an ovary that contains an ovum
hysterectomy
surgical removal of the uterus
complete hysterectomy
partial hysterectomy
partial hysterectomy
surgical removal of the uterus but not the ovaries and fallopian tubes
Secondary Sex charecteristics
Traits that distiinguish the sexes from one another but are not directly involved in reproduction
Mammary glands
Milk secreting glands
Areola
The dark ring on the Brest that incrcles the nipple
Mammograpy
A special type of X-ray test that detects cancerous lumps in the breast
Masterctomy
Surgical removal of the entire breast
Lumpectomy
Surgical removal of a lump from the breast
Cysts
Sac like structures filled with fluid or diseased material
benign
Doing little or no harm
fibroadenoma
A benign fibrous tumor
Malignant
Lethal; causing or likely to cause death
Menstruation
The cyclical bleeding that stems from the shedding of the uterine lining
ovulation
The release of an ovum from the ovary
corpus luteum
The follicle that releases an ovum and then produces copious amounts of progesterone and estrogen during the luteal phase of a woman’s cycle
endocrine gland
A ductless gland that releases its secretions directly into the bloodstream
menarche
The first menstrual period
hypothalamus
A structure near the center of the brain that is involved in regulating body temp, motivation and emotion
pituitary gland
The gland that secretes growth hormone, prolactin, oxytocin and others
hormone
A substance secreted by an endocrine gland that regulates various body functions
testes
The male gonads, which produc the male sex hormones, testosterone
testosterone
The male sex hormones that fosters the development of male sex characteristics and is connected with the sex drive
prolactin
A pituatirary hormone that stimulates the production of milk
oxytocin
A pituitary hormone that stimulates uterine contractions in labor and the ejection of milk during nursing
gonadotropins
Pituitary hormones that stimulate the gonads
follicle-stimulating hormone
A gonadotropin that stimulates the development of follicles in the ovaries
lutinizing hormone
A gonadotropin that helps regulate the menstrual cycles by triggering ovulation
gonadotropins- releasing hormone
A hormone secreted by the hypothalamus that stimulates the pituitary to release gonadotropins
proliferative phase
The first phase of the menstrual cycles, which begins with the end of menstruation and lasts about nine or ten days. During this phase, the endometrium proliferates
Osteoporosis
A condition caused by long-term estrogen deficiency that is characterized by a decline in bone density, such that bones become porous and brittle
Hormone replacement therapy
The administration of hormones such as estrogen and progestin to alleviate health probems associated with the loss of natural hormones
dysmenorrhea
Pain or discomfort during mensturation
primary dysmenorrhea
Menstrual pain or discomfort that occurs in the absence of known organic problems
Secondary dysmenorrhea
Menstrual pain or discomfortt that is caused by identified organic problems
Prostaglandins
Hormones that cause muscle fibers in the uterine wall to contract as during labor
mastalgia
A swelling of the Brest that sometimes causes premenstrual discomfort
amenorrhea
absence of menustration
primary amenorreha
The absence of menstruation in a woman who has not menstruated by about the age of 16 or 17
secondary amenorrhea
Lack of menstruation in a woman who has previously menstruated
anorexia nervosa
A psychological disorder of eating characterized by intense fear of putting on weight and refusal to eat enough to maintain normal body weight
premenstrual syndrome
- A combination of physical and psychological symptoms that regularly afflicts many women during the four to six day interval that precedes their menses each month
premenstrual dysphoric disorder
A diagnosis used by the American Psychiatric Association to describe cases of PMS that are characterized by severe changes in mood and impairment of functioning at work, at school, or in social relationships
