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Psychology > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the circadian Rhythm

A

24 hour cycle in nature (sometimes 25 if cues are removed)

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2
Q

How does our energy levels vary?

A

Energy levels differ throughout the day

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3
Q

How to people overcome jet lag

A

1 hour difference = 1 day recovery

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4
Q

What is sleep debt

A

Amount of sleep needed-amount you actually got= sleep debt

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5
Q

What can sleep debt lead too

A

leads to obesity
makes you more susceptible to viral infections

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6
Q

What is the importance of the pineal gland

A

Apart of the endocrine system
controls melatonin

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7
Q

How does the pineal gland work

A

Photo sensitive (what our eyes see switches pituitary on and off)
releases melatonin into the blood stream
Turned on- Melatonin released
Turned- off- Wide awake

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8
Q

How long is a full sleep cycle

A

90 minutes

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9
Q

What machine can measure stages of sleep

A

EEG

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10
Q

Define alpha waves

A

onset of sleep
when relaxed, start of sleep

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11
Q

Define beta waves

A

awake, brain active

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12
Q

What happens when you are starting to fall asleep

A

Mild hallucinations, feeling of falling

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13
Q

As the night progresses we spend more time in ______ and less time in ______

A

We spend more time in REM and less time in stages 3 and 4

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14
Q

Define stage 1 of sleep and how long it lasts

A

Awake/asleep
Only a few minutes each night

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15
Q

Define Theta waves

A

introduces sleep

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16
Q

Day dreaming is apart of which sleep stage

A

stage 1

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17
Q

Define stage 2 of sleep

A

More theta waves progressively slower
Sleep spindles (short bursts of rapid brain waves)

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18
Q

What is k-complex

A

waves seen during the 2nd sleep stage

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19
Q

Define stage 3 and 4

A

Vital for restoring body’s growth hormone and good overall health
Groggy
Muscles/tissue repair. hormones restored

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20
Q

Define Delta waves

A

slow and deep waves during 3/4 sleep stage

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21
Q

Define REM sleep

A

Rapid eye movement
Brain is very active, body essentially paralyzed
Paradoxical sleep (never existed)

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22
Q

Define REM rebound

A

Not getting enough sleep (not getting to all the steps)

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23
Q

Define Consciousness

A

Levels of awareness about ourselves and our environment
Immediate awareness

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24
Q

Is consciousness science based

A

no

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25
Define Preconscious
information made easily available (conscious)
26
Define unconscious
Not available Below the iceberg
27
Define cognitive neuroscience
Study of the brain activity dealing with the perception, thinking, memory, and language
28
Define selective attention
Focused on something (what is deemed important)
29
Define the cocktail-party effect
Focusing on one thing while 30 other sounds are going on
30
Define 2 parts of dual processing
Conscious (high-track) Unconscious (low track)
31
Define the high track mind
Take deliberate actions We know what we are doing
32
Define the low track mind
Perform automatic actions without being aware
33
Define blind sight
eye balls are fine and work, however the brain cannot decode what the eyes are telling you
34
How does blind sight work
you cannot see but can sense objects (info is transferred to thalamus from occipital)
35
What are the 2 types of insomnia
Primary insomnia: unknown reason Secondary insomnia: known reasons
36
Define narcolepsy
suffers from sleeplessness and may fall asleep at unpredictable times They fall directly to REM
37
Define sleep apnea
Breathing stops during sleep Can be fatal
38
Who is most common to have sleep apnea
heavy males
39
Define night terrors
Wakes up screaming They have no idea what happened Occurs during NREM Drastic bodily changes
40
Are night terrors and nightmares the same
no
41
Define Nightmares
occurs during REM, second half of the night Mild physiological changes Vivid images Occurs during REM sleep
42
Define somnambulism
Sleep walking Occurs during the first few hours of stage 4 If they have night terrors they are more likely to sleep walk.
43
Define freud's theory of dreams
wish-fulfillment Manifest content and Latent content
44
Difference between manifest and latent content
Manifest content: Story line of the dream Latent content: Underlying meaning of the dream
45
Define neural activation theory of dreams
Cortex trying to interpret random electrical activity while sleeping Why dreams sometimes make no sense
46
What system is active during the activation theory
Limbic system is active but the frontal lobe is inactive
47
Define biological theory
also known as information-processing theory dreams are a way of dealing with stresses tend to dream more when stressed
48
Define psychoactive drugs
small enough to pass through
49
Define tolerance
The body gets used to the drugs effects Its the main cause of overdose
50
Define stimulus drugs
They speed up body processes (heart rate, BP)
51
What types of drugs are stimulus drugs
Cocaine Nicotine Caffeine
52
Define Depressant drugs
Suppress CNS Suppresses dreams
53
What types of drugs are depressants
Alcohol Tranquilizers Barbiturates
54
Define hallucinogens
Psychedelics Changes in perception and reality
55
What types or drugs are hallucinogens
LSD, peyote, poilocytoin, mushrooms, marijuana
56
Define reverse tolerance
keen to effects, you are more noticeable to effects
57
Define synergistic effect
mixing different drugs makes a bigger effect Multiplier
58
Define synergy
working off of each other
59
Where does opiates come from
poppy plant
60
What drugs are opiates
morphine heroin methadone codeine
61
Define hypnosis
altered state young-boys with fantasy life are more susceptible
62
Define posthypnotic suggestion
you are getting every sleepy
63
Define posthypnotic amnesia
not remembering what happened
64
Define hypnotic theory
Also known as role theory not an altered state they want to believe works better with people with fantasy lives
65
Define state theory
Altered state of conscious drastic health benefits works for pain best
66
Define dissociation theory
separating mind form the body voluntarily divides consciousness
67
Define hidden observer
chaperone makes sure you are not going to do something out of character

Psychology (8 decks)

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