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Yo mama > Chapter 28: Genital System > Flashcards

Chapter 28: Genital System Flashcards

1
Q

Meiosis:

A

Reduces chromosome number in germ cells from 46 (diploid) to 23 (haploid)

Cell division:
Mitosis:
46 chromosomes (23 pairs)
Diploid number
Meiosis:
23 chromosomes per sperm/oocytes
Gives us haploid cells

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2
Q

Male Reproductive System Anatomy: Gonads

A

Cremaster muscle: adjusts position of scrotum to maintain optimum temperature, 2-3 degrees cooler than core body temp

Testis (Plural testes) contains seminiferous tubules:
Location of spermatogenesis
Interstitial cells (call it this)secrete testosterone (found in testes)

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3
Q

Male Reproductive System: Gametes

A

Male Gamete is the sperm cell
Head (Contains DNA and acrosome)
Midpiece (Mitochondria)
Tail (Flagellum)
Spermatogenesis (Sperm production) continues throughout adult life

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4
Q

Male Reproductive System: Hormones

A

GnRH: Stimulates LH and FSH production (begins during puberty)
LH: Stimulates interstitial cells to produce test
Testosterone: Stimulates muscle and bone growth
FSH: Stimulates spermatogenesis (Sperm creation)(needs test)

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5
Q

Male Reproductive System Anatomy: Ducts

A

Epididymis: Storage site of sperm (mature here)
Ductus Deferens : Stores sperm as well, however lead it toward urethra when nutting
Spermatic cord: passes through inguinal canal

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6
Q

Male Reproductive System Anatomy: Accessory Sex Glands

A

Seminal glands (Vesicles): Secrete fructose containing alkaline (less acidic) fluid
Prostate gland: Surrounds prostatic urethra (Secretes prostatic fluid)

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7
Q

Female Reproductive System Anatomy: Gonads

A

Ovaries
Ovarian Cortex contains follicles (Houses oocytes)

Each oocyte has a follicle (singular covering)
Ovarian Ligament extends from ovary to uterus
Mature (graafian) follicle: ruptures to release a secondary oocyte (ovulation)

Oogenesis: the process of gamete formation in the ovary.

Meiosis begins before birth

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8
Q

Female Reproductive System Anatomy: Uterus

A

Uterus:
Fundus
Body
Cervix
Myometrium is 3 layers of smooth muscle in wall of uterus
Inner endometrium
Stratum basale
Stratum functionalis (layer shed during menstruation)

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9
Q

Female Reproductive System Anatomy: Vagina

A

Passageway for sperm (in)
Passageway for menstrual flow (out)
Passageway for babies (out)
Vajayjay is acidic

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10
Q

Female Reproductive System Anatomy: External Genitalia

A

Vaginal orifice may be closed by hymen

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11
Q

Perineum

A

External genital/anal region of males and females

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12
Q

Know meiosis and the chromosomes required

A

Reduces chromosome number in germ cells from 46 (diploid) to 23 (haploid)

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13
Q

Female Reproductive: Cycle

A

Onset 12-14: Menarche
Cycles cease age 50-55
Uterine (menstrual) Cycle: Changes in endometrium of uterus
Follicle in Oocyte produces estrogen

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14
Q

Female Reproductive Cycle: Hormone Control

A

GnRH: Secretion begins at puberty
FSH: Stimulates Follicle growth (produces estrogens)
LH: Stimulates ovulation and formation of corpus luteum
Estrogen:
Development of female sex organ
Growth of stratum functionalis
Protein anabolism
Reduce blood cholesterol level
Progesterone:
Prepares endometrium for implantation
Prepares mammary gland to secrete milk

Both LH and FSH come from pituitary gland (male and female)

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15
Q

CHROMOSOME BY MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS

A

Mitosis = 46
Meiosis = 23

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16
Q

Female Reproductive Cycle: Menstrual Phase

A

Phase 1: Menstrual Phase: 1-5 dyas
Shedding of stratum funtionalis: Menstruation
Development of 20 follicles in ovary by follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

Phase 2: Preovulatory Phase
6-13 days
Dominant follicle matures
Stratum functionalis begins to grow

17
Q

Female Reproductive Cycle: Ovulation

A

Ovulation: always 14 days before menstruation begins
LH “surge”
Peak in LH Level
Caused high estrogen
Triggers rupture of mature follicle and release secondary oocyte (Ovulation)

18
Q

Female Reproductive Cycle: Postovulatory phase

A

Phase 3: Postovulatory phase 15-28 days
LH stimulates formation of corpus luteum, which secretes estrogens and progesterones
No implantation= Normal menstrual cycle
If implantation= Corpus luteum is maintained by human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) produced by embryo/ placenta

19
Q

Fetus artery and vien (umbilical)

A

Arteries ((2)Umbilical arteries) → Away from fetal heart→ Placenta
Vien ((1)Umbilical Vein) → Toward fetal heart→ Fetus

20
Q

Ovulation is the bursting effect

A

Ovulation is the bursting effect of me oocyte

Yo mama (12 decks)

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