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Physical Science > Chapter 27.3 > Flashcards

Chapter 27.3 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Infiltration

A

The process by which water enters Earth & becomes groundwater below the surface.

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2
Q

Water table

A

The upper boundary of the saturated zone.

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3
Q

Aquifer

A

A rock unit that can transfer water through its pore space.

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4
Q

Porosity

A

The percentage of the material’s total volume that is pore space.

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5
Q

What percent of water on Earth is salt water?

A

97%

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6
Q

What percentage of water on Earth is freshwater?

A

3%

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7
Q

Where is the majority of freshwater found?

A

2% of the 3% is from glaciers.

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8
Q

Where is the smaller percentage of freshwater found?

A

1% of freshwater is found in lakes, rivers, & stored as ground water

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9
Q

What is precipitation?

A
  • When water vapor in the air cools & condenses to form liquid water or ice crystals.
  • Rain snow, sleet, & hail.
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10
Q

What is runoff?

A

Water runs of the land surface.

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11
Q

What is infiltration?

A

The process by which water enters Earth & becomes groundwater below the surface.

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12
Q

What is transpirtation?

A

When plants release water vapor into the atmosphere through their leaves.

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13
Q

What is evaporation?

A

When water enters the atmosphere as water vapor.

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14
Q

What is condensation?

A

When water vapor collides with other water vapor molecules to form water droplets.

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15
Q

What is the water cycle?

A

Water on land that goes into the air, then returns to the ground.

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16
Q

What is an unsaturated zone for groundwater storage?

A

A porous ares where water easily passes through.

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17
Q

What is a saturated zone for groundwater storage?

A

Beneath the saturated zone, where water completely fills the pore spaces.

18
Q

What is a water table?

A

The upper boundary of the saturated zone.

19
Q

What does it mean if sediment is permeable?

A

The more permeable sediment is, the easier water can flow through the ground.

20
Q

What is an aquifer?

A

A rock unit that can transfer water through its pore space.

21
Q

What is the name of the Great Plains Aquifer?

A

Ogallala Aquifer

22
Q

How many states does the Great Plains Aquifer run through?

A

8 states

23
Q

What are the names of the states that the Great Plains Aquifer runs through?

A

South Dakota, Wyoming, Nebraska, Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, & Texas.

24
Q

What is an aquitard?

A

Keeps water confined

25
Q

How are water springs formed?

A

Springs form where the water table naturally meets Earth’s surface.

26
Q

What is an artesian well?

A

Drilled into pressurized aquifers.

27
Q

What is a cone of depression?

A

Direction that the water flows towards the well.

28
Q

What is climate?

A

Long-term average of weather conditions.

29
Q

What is weather

A

Day-to-day conditions

30
Q

What are the spheres that make up Earth’s system?

A 
Atmosphere
Biosphere
Hydrosphere
Lithosphere
Cryosphere
30
Q

What are the spheres that make up Earth’s system?

A 
Atmosphere
Biosphere
Hydrosphere
Lithosphere
Cryosphere
31
Q

What is the Atmosphere?

A

air around us

32
Q

What is the Biosphere?

A

everything organic

33
Q

What is the Hydrosphere?

A

liquid water

34
Q

What is the Cryosphere?

A

frozen water in snow, ice, and glaciers

35
Q

What is the Lithosphere?

A

Earth’s outermost layer

36
Q

What is the primary factor that influences climate at a given location?

A

latitude

37
Q

Where is solar radiation most received on Earth?

A

the Equator

38
Q

At what angle does the sun’s rays, hit the tropical axis?

A

90 degrees

39
Q

At what angle does the sun’s rays hit the temperate zone?

A

45 degrees

40
Q

At what angle does the sun’s rays hit polar?

A

30 degrees

Physical Science (17 decks)

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