Chapter 26.3 Flashcards
Define clasts?
Such small rock & mineral fragments are called clasts.
What types of erosion are rocks on Earth’s surface exposed to?
Rock on Earth’s surface are exposed to water, wind, & other forces.
What does it mean if clasts are being transported?
When clasts are transported to new locations, they often become rounded before being deposited.
What does it mean if clasts are being deposited?
When clasts are loose on the Earth’s surface, they don’t fit together perfectly. The empty space between the grains is called PORE SPACE.
Define pore space
When buried by more sediment deposited above them, clasts can be smashed together with great force.
Define compaction
The process by which clasts stick together due to the weight of overlying material is called compaction.
Define cementation
Minerals precipitate slowly out of a water solution & crystallize in the spaces between clasts in a process called cementation.
How are sedimentary rocks formed?
Most of the time compaction & cementation work together to make sedimentary rock.
What is another name for clasts?
Detritus is another name for clasts.
What are sedimentary rocks called that are mostly made of clasts?
Sedimentary rocks that are mostly made of clasts are called detrital sedimentary rock.
What is the decreasing size of clasts?
In order of decreasing size, clasts are known as gravel, sand, silt, or clay.
Which clasts size would be deposited first?
Geologists classify detrail seminary rocks based on clasts size.
What are 4 common detrail seminary rocks?
Gravel, sandstone, siltstone, and shale.
How are chemical sedimentary rocks formed?
Chemical sedimentary rocks are formed from water that contains dissolved solids.
If sedimentary rocks contained remains of living organisms what are they called?
They are called Biochemical Sedimentary rocks.
