Chapter 27 Flashcards
Do rocks the weather at the same rate?
No, they weather at different rates.
What are the 2 main factors that determine how fast a rock will weather?
Rock type & landscape.
What are the 2 types of weathering?
Mechanical & chemical.
What type of change happens with mechanical weathering?
Physical weathering
What type of change happens with chemical weathering?
Chemical weathering
What are the 3 specific types of mechanical weathering?
Frost wedging, biological activity, & collisions.
What causes frost wedging?
Water collects in the cracks of rocks, & freezes.
What is the cycle called during frost wedging?
Freeze-Thaw Cycles
What causes biological activity?
Plant & animal activity.
What causes weathering during collisions?
When rocks fall from a cliff or tumble through turbulent rivers.
What are the 2 types of chemical weathering caused by?
Oxygen & water.
What is the chemical process called that is caused by oxygen?
Oxidation
What is the chemical process called that is caused by water?
Hydrolysis
What is parent material?
Material from which soil forms.
What are soil horizons?
The different layers of soil.
How many soil horizons are there?
There are 6.
True or false. All soils contain every soil horizon?
False
What are specific soil horizons?
O, A, E, B, C, & R
What does the first soil horizon contain?
Organic material
What is the second horizon mostly made up of?
Minerals
Which layer does leaching occur?
Horizon E
Which horizon collects materials from previous horizons?
Horizon B
Which layer is partially weathered bedrock?
Which layer is unweathered bedrock?
Which soil horizons make up the topsoil?
Which soil horizons make up the subsoil?
Which soil horizon make up the true soil?
