Cards Chapter 25 Flashcards
Mid-Ocean ridge
Mountain ranges on the seafloor separated by valleys.
Rift Valley
Forms in between peaks along the mid-ocean range.
Convergent Plate Boundary
The boundary where two plates collide.
Subduction
The denser plate that dives beneath the continent.
Divergent Plate Boundary
The boundary between two plates that are moving apart.
Transform Plate Boundary
Plates slide horizontally past each other in opposite directions.
Earthquake
Is the sudden movement or vibration of the ground.
Fault
A crack in the Earth´s crust along which rock has moved.
Elastic Rebound
Is a sudden release strain of energy and moves along a fault.
Focus
The point of origin for an earthquake.
Epicenter
The point on Earth´s surface directly above the focus.
Who came up with the Continental Drift Hypothesis?
Alfred Wegener
What were some of the pieces of evidence that supported Alfred´s Hypothesis?
- Large land animal fossils
- Coastlines fit together like puzzle pieces
- Mountain ranges line up and have the same rock composition
What was the name of the Super Continent?
Pangaea
Who came up with the Seafloor Spreading Hypothesis?
Harry Hess
What did Hess use to create a map of the Seafloor?
Sonar
Who discovered the Mid-Ocean range?
Harry Hess
Where will the younger rock be located?
Near the MOR
What are the three types of plate boundaries?
- Divergent boundary
- Convergent boundary
- Transform boundary
Seduction only happens with what kind of plate boundary?
Convergent
What two types of crust that are involved in plate boundary movement?
- Oceanic
2. Continental
What land forms can form when oceanic crust and continental crust converge?
- Volcano
2. Deep-sea trench
What land forms can be created when two oceanic crusts collide?
- Hot spots=they create islands
2. Deep-sea trench
What land form is created when two continental crusts converge?
Mountains
What type of crust must be present for volcanic activity to occur?
Oceanic Crust
How do divergent plate boundaries move?
They split or come apart
What are two examples of divergent plate boundaries?
- MOR (made up of oceanic crust)
2. The East African Rift (made up of two continental crust)
How do transform plate boundaries move?
They slide by each other
What is a specific example of a transform plate boundary?
The San Andres fault (Two continental crust)
How do Convection Currents work?
- Magma heats up, becomes less dense, and rises
2. Magma cools down, becomes more dense, then sinks
What are the other forces that helps with plate movement?
- Slab pull
- Ridge push
- Friction between plates and the mantle also helps move plates
