Chapter 2.6b The need for transport in animals: Circulation

Question 1

In mammals nutrients, oxygen and carbon dioxide are transported in the

Answer 1

blood

Question 2

Blood is pumped from the heart to the

Answer 2

lungs, then back to the heart before being pumped to all other parts of the body

Question 3

Two chambers called the

Answer 3

left and right ventricles pump blood out of the heart and into arteries.

Question 4

The arteries carrying blood away from the heart to the lungs are the

Answer 4

pulmonary arteries.

Question 5

The artery carrying blood away from the heart and which branches to all other parts of the body is the

Answer 5

aorta

Question 6

Branches of the aorta that supply the heart muscle itself with blood are the

Answer 6

coronary arteries

Question 7

two chambers called the left and right

Answer 7

atrium receive blood into the heart from veins

Question 8

Veins bringing blood to the heart from the lungs are the

Answer 8

pulmonary veins

Question 9

Veins bringing blood to the heart from all parts of the body join to form the

Answer 9

vena cava before entering the heart

Question 10

Arteries carry blood

Answer 10

away from the heart and have think, muscular walls and relatively narrow internal diameter.

Question 11

Blood in arteries is

Answer 11

under high pressure

Question 12

Veins carry blood

Answer 12

back to the heart and have thinner walls and relatively wider internal diameters than similar sized arteries

Question 13

Blood in veins is under

Answer 13

lower pressure than blood in the arteries

Question 14

To prevent the low-pressure blood from flowing back wards veins have

Answer 14

valves

Question 15

Within organs and tissues, blood is carried in networks of

Answer 15

capillaries.

Question 16

Capillaries link the

Answer 16

arteries supplying the organ or tissue with the veins which carry the blood away.

Question 17

Capillaries have thin walls and their networks produce a large surface area through which

Answer 17

material can be exchanged with tissues efficiently

Question 18

Red blood cells are specialised because they have

Answer 18

haemoglobin, a red-oxygen carrying pigment.