CHAPTER 26: Questions

Question 1

Ahmed Arabi exemplifies
A) collaborationist response to Western imperialism.
B) armed resistance to Western imperialism.
C) cooperative, but uncommitted, response to Western imperialism.
D) westernization as a response to Western imperialism.
E) nonviolent resistance to Western imperialism.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The most striking difference between the new imperialism of 1880–1914 and European
expansion earlier in the 1800s was the new imperialism’s
A) violence. D) efforts to “civilize” native peoples.
B) economic domination. E) capitalism.
C) formal political control.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

In 1750 the average standard of living in Europe as a whole was
A) no higher than the rest of the world.
B) twice as high as the rest of the world.
C) 25 percent higher than the rest of the world.
D) 25 percent lower than the rest of the world.
E) 50 percent lower than the rest of the world.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which of the following societies responded most successfully to Western imperialism
before World War I?
A) China. B) Japan. C) Egypt. D) Sudan. E) India.

Answer 4

B

Question 5

The typical European immigrant was often
A) a middle-class professional. D) a landless peasant.
B) an urban factory worker. E) an aristocrat.
C) a small farmer or rural craftsperson.

Answer 5

C

Question 6

The largest share of European foreign investment went to
A) sub-Saharan Africa. D) the Third World.
B) Asia. E) Latin America.
C) European states and North America.

Answer 6

C

Question 7

The SinoJapanese War led to
A) the collapse of Japanese imperial designs.
B) a fresh round of imperialistic activity in China.
C) a brief naval war between Japan and England.
D) a successful program of modernization in China.
E) the immediate collapse of the Qing Dynasty.

Answer 7

B

Question 8

According to the text, the British intervention in Egypt that began in 1876 and
culminated with a military takeover in 1882 was a dramatic break with earlier
nineteenth-century European expansion because
A) the British forced Egypt to open its ports to European trade.
B) the British intervened as part of a humanitarian effort to aid flood victims.
C) the British aimed to offer the Egyptians full citizenship.
D) the British hoped to convert the Egyptians to Christianity.
E) the British took direct political control of Egypt.

Answer 8

E

Question 9

Jews made up the immigrant group least likely to return to their native land, primarily
because of
A) the violent anti-Semitism in eastern Europe.
B) the success they enjoyed in their new homes.
C) laws against such repatriation.
D) the high cost of travel back to Europe.
E) the strength of Jewish traditional culture.

Answer 9

A

Question 10

The large new colony acquired by the U.S. in Asia in the Spanish-American War of
1898 was
A) Thailand. B) Vietnam. C) Taiwan. D) Burma. E) the Philippines.

Answer 10

E

Question 11

Rudyard Kipling’s “white man’s burden” referred to
A) the social costs of industrialization.
B) the difficulties of reaching consensus in a democratic society.
C) the supposed innate inferiority of the white race.
D) the white race’s supposed duty to “civilize” inferior, nonwhite races.
E) the high costs of maintaining colonial rule.

Answer 11

D

Question 12

The Berlin Conference of 1884–1885
A) set the terms for the division of China into economic zones of influence.
B) declared Africa off-limits to colonization.
C) determined peace terms that ended the Sino-Japanese War.
D) set up the terms for the division of most of Africa among European colonial
powers.
E) established high tariffs to protect German industry.

Answer 12

D

Question 13

The Boxer Rebellion was
A) a revolt of Chinese military officers who supported westernization against the
Qing Empress Dowager.
B) a rebellion of traditionalist Chinese patriots who wished to expel all Westerners
from China.
C) a mutiny in the British Mediterranean fleet.
D) an uprising of militant Muslims against British rule in Sudan.
E) a revolution made by patriotic samurai who overthrew the Japanese shogun.

Answer 13

B

Question 14

While Europeans migrated for a variety of reasons, most did so
A) for economic reasons. D) for personal reasons.
B) for political reasons. E) to avoid the draft.
C) for religious reasons.

Answer 14

A

Question 15

The Sino-British war, which ended with the Treaty of Nanking in 1842, was caused by
A) British attempts to break the Chinese monopoly on the tea trade.
B) the brutal massacre of Christian missionaries by the Chinese army units.
C) British attempts to intimidate the Manchu emperor.
D) the Chinese seizure of Hong Kong.
E) Chinese attempts to stop the British-controlled opium trade.

Answer 15

E

Question 16

Between 1750 and 1913, average income in the Third World
A) was stagnant. D) fell by 50 percent.
B) doubled. E) increased threefold.
C) increased by 50 percent.

Answer 16

A

Question 17

German chancellor Otto von Bismarck
A) at first disdained the acquisition of colonies as a waste of effort and funds, but
later took several African colonies for Germany.
B) rejected the acquisition of colonies as a waste of effort and funds.
C) consistently advocated German acquisition of a global empire.
D) criticized the British and French colonial empires on humanitarian grounds.
E) sought to establish German colonies in Latin America.

Answer 17

A

Question 18

Which of the following events occurred first?
A) Perry “opens” Japan.
B) United States takes over the Philippines.
C) Suez Canal is completed.
D) Conrad publishes Heart of Darkness.
E) Meiji Restoration establishes new government in Japan.

Answer 18

A

Question 19

Which of the following events occurred last?
A) Perry “opens” Japan.
B) United States takes over the Philippines.
C) Suez Canal is completed.
D) Conrad publishes Heart of Darkness.
E) Meiji Restoration establishes new government in Japan.

Answer 19

D

Question 20

The writings of Heinrich von Treitschke reflected the
A) anti-imperialist critique.
B) nationalist drive for colonies.
C) economic interpretation of imperialism.
D) missionary aspect of imperialism.
E) socialist view of imperialism.

Answer 20

B

Question 21

The principle by which the European powers established their claim to an African
territory was known as
A) extraterritoriality. D) military subjugation.
B) annexation. E) the “white man’s burden.”
C) effective occupation.

Answer 21

C

Question 22

The primary factor that influenced whether European immigrants returned to their native
lands was
A) their degree of success in the New World.
B) family connections in Europe.
C) the strength of their new nationalism.
D) the possibility of buying land in the home country.
E) the strength of their traditional culture.

Answer 22

D

Question 23

China’s __________ government’s efforts to stamp out the opium trade were opposed by
the British.
A) Qing B) Ming C) Yuan D) Song E) Tang

Answer 23

A

Question 24

In his book Imperalism, J. A. Hobson maintained all of the following except that
A) imperialism was justified by Darwin’s theory of natural selection.
B) imperialism diverted attention from much-needed domestic reform.
C) imperialism resulted from capitalists’ search for profitable investments.
D) imperialism benefited only a small number of private interests.
E) imperial possessions did not pay off for the imperial country as a whole.

Answer 24

A

Question 25

Japan opened its shores to Western trade
A) because it wanted to enter the world economy.
B) in response to U.S. military pressure.
C) as a result of the Meiji Restoration.
D) under the influence of Dutch missionaries there.
E) to reduce its dependence on China.

Answer 25

B

Question 26

In the Treaty of ___________, China was forced to cede Hong Kong to the British.
A) Edo B) Shanghai C) Canton D) Nanking E) Beijing

Answer 26

D

Question 27

According to the text, which Indian social group had the greatest opportunities under
British colonial rule?
A) The untouchables. D) The Sikhs.
B) The Muslim elite. E) The peasants.
C) Upper-caste Hindus.

Answer 27

C

Question 28

All of the following were European critics of imperialism except
A) Henry Labouchére. D) Joseph Conrad.
B) V. I. Lenin. E) Jules Ferry.
C) J. A. Hobson.

Answer 28

E

Question 29

The Meiji Restoration featured all of the following except
A) a military modeled along European lines.
B) borrowing of Western science and technology.
C) overthrow of the emperor.
D) a free, competitive, government-stimulated economy.
E) the hiring of Western technological specialists.

Answer 29

C

Question 30

In 1910 Korea became a colony of

A) China. B) Russia. C) France. D) Japan. E) Germany.

Answer 30

D

Question 31

Sun Yat-sen
A) led the traditionalist “Boxers” in their rebellion against the Western presence in
China.
B) was the most reformist adviser to the Qing government.
C) advocated overthrow of the Qing dynasty and the establishment of a Chinese
republic.
D) was a Chinese general who led an attempted coup against the Qing government.
E) advocated the quiet cultivation of traditional Chinese virtues as a response to the
West.

Answer 31

C

Question 32

After shattering military defeat, one reason for the initial acceptance of European
imperial rule by the great majority of Asians and Africans was
A) that political participation in Asia and Africa had generally been limited to small
elites.
B) the masses hoped that European liberalism and capitalism would bring them more
opportunity.
C) the prior success of Christian missionary efforts.
D) widespread land redistribution programs implemented by new European rulers.
E) that many native peoples perceived the Europeans to be gods.

Answer 32

A

Question 33

___________ led the United States’ effort to gain access to Japanese markets.
A) Theodore Roosevelt D) Edward Johnson
B) William Bryan E) Matthew Perry
C) President McKinley

Answer 33

E

Question 34

By 1913, world trade had
A) increased by 25 percent over the 1800 level.
B) almost tripled that of 1800.
C) more than doubled that of 1800.
D) grown twenty-five times that of 1800.
E) remained stagnant for more than two generations.

Answer 34

D

Question 35

Ismail Ali ruled for sixteen years as Egypt’s ___________, or prince
A) khedive B) shah C) caliph D) imam E) pharaoh

Answer 35

A

Question 36

In the Battle of Omdurman, the British lost twentyeight troops, while Sudanese forces
lost
A) 1,000. B) 600. C) 100. D) 11,000. E) 100,000.

Answer 36

D

Question 37

Thirty-four percent of European emigrants between 1851 and 1960 came from
A) Germany. B) Italy. C) Great Britain and Ireland. D) Russia. E) Poland.

Answer 37

C