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BIO 202 > Chapter 23 Review Questions > Flashcards

Chapter 23 Review Questions Flashcards

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1
Q

Which of these organs is not considered an accessory digestive structure?
A. Mouth
B. Salivary glands
C. Pancreas
D. Liver

A

A. Mouth

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2
Q

Which of the following organs supported by a layer of adventitia rather than serosa?
A. Esophagus
B. Stomach
C. Small intestine
D. Large intestine

A

A. Esophagus

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3
Q

Which of the following membranes covers the stomach?
A. Falciform ligament
B. Mesocolon
C. Parietal peritoneum
D. Visceral peritoneum

A

D. Visceral peritoneum

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4
Q

Which of these processes occurs in the mouth?
A. Ingestion
B. Mechanical digestion
C. Chemical digestion
D. All of the above

A

D. All of the above

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5
Q

Which of the following stimuli activates sensors in the walls of digestive organs ?
A. Breakdown products of digestion
B. Distension
C. pH of chyme
D. All of the above

A

D. All of the above

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6
Q

Which of these processes occurs throughout most of the alimentary canal?
A. Ingestion
B. Propulsion
C. Segmentation
D. Absorption

A

B. Propulsion

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7
Q

Which of these statements about reflexes in the GI tract is false?
A. Short reflexes are provoked by nerves near the GI tract.
B. Short reflexes are mediated by the enteric nervous system.
C. Food that distends the stomach initiates long reflexes.
D. Long reflexes can be provoked by stimuli originating outside the GI tract.

A

C. Food that distends the stomach initiates long reflexes.

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8
Q

Which of these ingredients in saliva is responsible for activating salivary amylase?
A. Mucus
B. Phosphate ions
C. Chloride ions
D. urea

A

C. Chloride ions

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9
Q

Which of these statements about the pharynx is true?
A. It extends from the nasal and oral cavities superiorly to the esophagus anteriorly
B. The oropharynx is continuous superiorly with the nasopharynx
C. The nasopharynx is involved in digestion
D. The laryngopharynx is composed partially of cartilage

A

B. The oropharynx is continuous superiorly with the nasopharynx

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10
Q

Which structure is located where the esophagus penetrate the diaphragm?

A. Esophageal hiatus
B. Cardiac orifice
C. Upper esophageal sphincter
D. Lower esophageal sphincter

A

A. Esophageal hiatus

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11
Q

Which phase of deglutition involves contraction of the longitudinal muscle layer of the muscularis?
A. Voluntary phase
B. Buccal phase
C. Pharyngeal phase
D. Esophageal phase

A

D. Esophageal phase

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12
Q

Which of these cells secrete hormones?
A. Parietal cells
B. Mucous neck cells
C. Enteroendocrine cells
D. Chief cells

A

C. Enteroendocrine cells

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13
Q

Where does the majority of chemical digestion in the stomach occur?
A. Fundus and body
B. Cardia and fundus
C. Body and pylorus
D. Body

A

A. Fundus and body

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14
Q

During gastric emptying, chyme is released into the duodenum through the______.
A. Esophageal hiatus
B. Pyloric antrum
C. Pyloric canal
D. Pyloric sphincter

A

D. Pyloric sphincter

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15
Q

Parietal cells secrete______.
A. Gastrin
B. Hydrochloric acid
C. Pepsin
D. Pepsinogen

A

B. Hydrochloric acid

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16
Q

In which part of the alimentary canal does most digestion occur?
A. Stomach
B. Proximal distal
C. Distal small intestine
D. Ascending colon

A

B. Proximal small intestine

17
Q

Which of these is most associated with villi?
A. Haustra
B. Lacteals
C. Bacterial flora
D. Intestinal glands

A

B. Lacteals

18
Q

What is the role of the small intestine’s MALT?
A. Secreting mucus
B. Buffering acidic chyme
C. Activating pepsin
D. Preventing bacteria from entering the bloodstream

A

D. Preventing bacteria from entering the bloodstream

19
Q

Which part of the large intestine attaches to the appendix?
A. Cecum
B. Ascending colon
C. Transverse colon
D. Descending colon

A

A. Cecum

20
Q

Which of the statements about bile is true?
A. About 500 mL is secreted daily
B. Its main function is the denaturation of proteins
C. It is synthesized in the gallbladder
D. Bile salts are recycled

A

D. Bile salts are recycled

21
Q

Pancreatic juice_______.
A. Deactivates bile
B. Is secreted by pancreatic islet cells
C. Buffers chyme
D. Is released into the cystic duct

A

C. Buffers chyme

22
Q

Where does the chemical digestion of starch begin?
A. Mouth
B. Esophagus
C. Stomach
D. Small intestine

A

A. Mouth

23
Q

Which of these is involved in the chemical digestion of protein?
A. Pancreatic amylase
B. Trypsin
C. Sucrase
D. Pancreatic nuclease

A

B. Trypsin

24
Q

Where are most fat-digesting enzymes produced?
A. Small intestine
B. Gallbladder
C. Liver
D. Pancreas

A

D. Pancreas

25
Q

Which of these nutrients is absorbed mainly in the duodenum?
A. Glucose
B. Iron
C. Sodium
D. Water

A

B. Iron

BIO 202 (9 decks)

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