Chapter 21 Review Questions

Question 1

Which of the following cells is phagocytic?

Answer 1

macrophage

Question 2

Which structure allows lymph from the lower right limb to enter the bloodstream?

Answer 2

thoracic duct

Question 3

Which of the following cells is important in the innate immune response?

Answer 3

macrophages

Question 4

Which of the following cells would be most active in early, antiviral immune responses the first time one is exposed to pathogen?

Answer 4

natural killer cell

Question 5

Which of the lymphoid nodules is most likely to see food antigens first?

Answer 5

tonsils

Question 6

Which of the following signs is not characteristic of inflammation?

Answer 6

cold

Question 7

Which of the following is not important in the antiviral innate immune response?

Answer 7

microphages

Question 8

Enhanced phagocytosis of a cell by the binding of a specific protein is called ________.

Answer 8

opsonization

Question 9

Which of the following leads to the redness of inflammation?

Answer 9

increased blood flow

Question 10

T cells that secrete cytokines that help antibody responses are called ________.

Answer 10

Th2

Question 11

The taking in of antigen and digesting it for later presentation is called ________.

Answer 11

antigen processing

Question 12

Why is clonal expansion so important?

Answer 12

to increase the numbers of specific cells

Question 13

The elimination of self-reactive thymocytes is called ________.

Answer 13

negative selection.

Question 14

Which type of T cell is most effective against viruses?

Answer 14

cytotoxic T cells

Question 15

Removing functionality from a B cell without killing it is called ________.

Answer 15

IgG

Question 16

Which class of antibody has no known function other than as an antigen receptor?

Answer 16

IgD

Question 17

When does class switching occur?

Answer 17

primary response

Question 18

Which class of antibody is found in mucus?

Answer 18

IgA

Question 19

Which enzymes in macrophages are important for clearing intracellular bacteria?

Answer 19

lysosomal

Question 20

What type of chronic lung disease is caused by a Mycobacterium?

Answer 20

tuberculosis

Question 21

Which type of immune response is most directly effective against bacteria?

Answer 21

complement

Question 22

What is the reason that you have to be immunized with a new influenza vaccine each year?

Answer 22

mutation

Question 23

Which type of immune response works in concert with cytotoxic T cells against virally infected cells?

Answer 23

natural killer cells

Question 24

Which type of hypersensitivity involves soluble antigen-antibody complexes?

Answer 24

type III

Question 25

What causes the delay in delayed hypersensitivity?

Answer 25

recruitment of immune cells

Question 26

Which of the following is a critical feature of immediate hypersensitivity?

Answer 26

histamine release

Question 27

Which of the following is an autoimmune disease of the heart?

Answer 27

rheumatic fever

Question 28

What drug is used to counteract the effects of anaphylactic shock?

Answer 28

epinephrine

Question 29

Which of the following terms means “many genes”?

Answer 29

polygeny

Question 30

Why do we have natural antibodies?

Answer 30

immunity to environmental bacteria

Question 31

Which type of cancer is associated with HIV disease?

Answer 31

Kaposi’s sarcoma

Question 32

How does cyclosporine A work?

Answer 32

suppresses T cells

Question 33

What disease is associated with bone marrow transplants?

Answer 33

graft-versus-host disease