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BIO 202 > Chapter 17 Review Questions > Flashcards

Chapter 17 Review Questions Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Endocrine glands _____________.

A

Secrete chemical messengers that travel in the bloodstream

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2
Q

Chemical signaling that affects neighboring cells is called ___________.

A

Paracrine

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3
Q

A newly developed pesticide has been observed to bind to an intracellular hormone receptor. If ingested, residue from this pesticide could disrupt levels of _____________.

A

Thyroid hormone

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4
Q

A small molecule binds to a G protein, preventing its activation. What direct effect will this have on signaling that involves cAMP?

A

Adenylyl cyclase will not be activated.

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5
Q

A student in a car accident, and although not hurt, immediately experiences pupil dilation, increased heart rate, and rapid breathing. What type of endocrine system stimulus did the student receive?

A

Neural

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6
Q

The hypothalamus is functionally and anatomically connected to the posterior pituitary lobe by a bridge of __________.

A

Nerve axons

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7
Q

Which of the following is an anterior pituitary hormone?

A

TSH

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8
Q

How many hormones are produced by the posterior pituitary?

A

0

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9
Q

Which of the following hormones contributes to the regulation of the body’s fluid and electrolyte balance?

A

Antidiuretic hormone

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10
Q

Which of the following statements about the thyroid gland is true?

A
  • It is located anterior to the trachea and inferior to the larynx
  • The parathyroid glands are embedded within it
  • It manufactures three hormones
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11
Q

The secretion of the thyroid hormones is controlled by __________.

A

TSH from the anterior pituitary

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12
Q

The development of a goiter indicates that ___________.

A

There is an excessive accumulation of colloid in the thyroid follicles

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13
Q

Iodine ions cross from the bloodstream into follicle cells via __________.

A

Active transport

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14
Q

When blood calcium levels low, PTH stimulates ___________.

A

The activity of osteoclasts

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15
Q

Which of the following can result from hyperparathyroidism?

A

Fractures

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16
Q

The adrenal glands are attached superiorly to which organ?

A

Kidneys

17
Q

What secretory cell type is found in the adrenal medulla?

A

Chromaffin cells

18
Q

Cushing’s disease is a disorder caused by __________.

A

Abnormally high levels of cortisol

19
Q

Which of the following responses is not part of the fight-or-flight response?

A

Reduced mental activity

20
Q

What cells secrete melatonin?

A

Pinealocytes

21
Q

The production of melatonin is inhibited by __________.

A

Exposure to bright light

22
Q

The gonads produce what class of hormones?

A

Steroid hormones

23
Q

The productions of FSH by the anterior pituitary is reduced by which hormone?

A

Inhibin

24
Q

The function of the placental hormone human placental lactogen (hPL) is to ___________.

A

Prepare the breasts for lactation

25
Q

If an autoimmune disorder targets the alpha cells, production of which hormone would be directly affected?

A

Glucagon

26
Q

Which of the following statements about insulin is true?

A

Insulin facilitates the movement of intracellular glucose transporters to the cell membrane.

27
Q

The end result of the RAAS is to _________.

A

Increase blood pressure

28
Q

Athletes may take synthetic EPO to boost their _________.

A

Blood oxygen levels

29
Q

Hormones produced by the thymus play a role in the __________.

A

Development of T cells

30
Q

The anterior pituitary gland develops from which embryonic germ layers?

A

Oral ectoderm

31
Q

In the elderly, decreased thyroid function causes __________.

A

Decreased basal metabolic rate

32
Q

The walls of the atria produce which hormone?

A

Atrial natriuretic peptide

BIO 202 (9 decks)

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