Chapter 19 Review Questions

Question 1

What is not important in preventing backflow of blood?

Answer 1

Endocardium

Question 2

What valve separates the left atrium from the left ventricle?

Answer 2

Mitral

Question 3

List the valves in the order through which the blood flows from the vena cava through the heart?

Answer 3

Tricuspid, pulmonary semilunar, bicuspid, aortic semilunar

Question 4

Which chamber initially receives blood from the systemic circuit?

Answer 4

Right atrium

Question 5

What layer secretes chemicals that help to regulate ionic environments and strength of contraction and serve as powerful vasoconstrictors.

Answer 5

Endocardium

Question 6

The myocardium would be the thickest in the

Answer 6

Left ventricle

Question 7

In which septum is it normal to find openings in the adult?

Answer 7

Atrioventricular septum

Question 8

What is unique to cardiac muscle cells?

Answer 8

Only cardiac muscle is capable of autorhythmicity

Question 9

The influx of which ion accounts for the plateau phase?

Answer 9

Calcium

Question 10

What portion of the ECG corresponds to depolarization of the atria?

Answer 10

None of the above: atrial repolarization is masked by ventricular depolarization

Question 11

Which component of the heart conduction system would have the slowest rate of firing?

Answer 11

Purkinje fibers

Question 12

The cardiac cycle consists of a distinct relaxation and contraction phase. Which term is typically used to refer ventricular contraction while no blood is being ejected?

Answer 12

Isovolumic contraction

Question 13

Most blood enters the ventricle during

Answer 13

Atrial diastole

Question 14

The first heart sound represents which portion of the cardiac cycle?

Answer 14

Closing of the atrioventricular valves

Question 15

Ventricular relaxation immediately follows

Answer 15

Ventricular repolarization

Question 16

The force the heart must overcome to pump blood is known as

Answer 16

After load

Question 17

The cardiovascular centers are located in which area of the brain?

Answer 17

Medulla Oblongata

Question 18

In a healthy young adult, what happens to cardiac output when heart rate increases above 160 bpm?

Answer 18

It decreases

Question 19

What happens to preload when there venous constriction in the veins?

Answer 19

It increases

Question 20

Which of the following is a positive inotrope?

Answer 20

Ca2+

Question 21

The earliest organ to form and begin function within the developing human is the

Answer 21

Heart

Question 22

If the the germ layers that give to all adult tissues and organs, which gives rise to the heart?

Answer 22

Mesoderm

Question 23

The two tubes that eventually fuse to form the heart are referred to as the

Answer 23

Cardiogenic tubes

Question 24

Which primitive area of the heart will give rise to the right ventricle?

Answer 24

Bulbus cordis

Question 25

The pulmonary trunk and aorta are derived from which primitive heart structure?

Answer 25

Truncus arteriosus