Chapter 22: Musculoskeletal Flashcards

Question 1

Q

1.	A patient is being assessed for range-of-joint movement. The nurse asks him to move his arm in toward the center of his body. This movement is called:
a.
Flexion.
b.
Abduction.
c.
Adduction.
d.
Extension.

Question 2

Q

2.	A patient tells the nurse that she is having a hard time bringing her hand to her mouth when she eats or tries to brush her teeth. The nurse knows that for her to move her hand to her mouth, she must perform which movement?
a.
Flexion
b.
Abduction
c.
Adduction
d.
Extension

Question 3

Q

3.	The functional units of the musculoskeletal system are the:
a.
Joints.
b.
Bones.
c.
Muscles.
d.
Tendons.

Question 4

Q

4.	When reviewing the musculoskeletal system, the nurse recalls that hematopoiesis takes place in the:
a.
Liver.
b.
Spleen.
c.
Kidneys.
d.
Bone marrow.

Question 5

Q

5.	Fibrous bands running directly from one bone to another that strengthen the joint and help prevent movement in undesirable directions are called:
a.
Bursa.
b.
Tendons.
c.
Cartilage.
d.
Ligaments.

Question 6

Q

6.	The nurse notices that a woman in an exercise class is unable to jump rope. The nurse is aware that to jump rope, one’s shoulder has to be capable of:
a.
Inversion.
b.
Supination.
c.
Protraction.
d.
Circumduction.

Question 7

Q

7.	The articulation of the mandible and the temporal bone is known as the:
a.
Intervertebral foramen.
b.
Condyle of the mandible.
c.
Temporomandibular joint.
d.
Zygomatic arch of the temporal bone.

Question 8

Q

8.	To palpate the temporomandibular joint, the nurse’s fingers should be placed in the depression \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ of the ear.
a.
Distal to the helix
b.
Proximal to the helix
c.
Anterior to the tragus
d.
Posterior to the tragus

Question 9

Q

9.	Of the 33 vertebrae in the spinal column, there are:
a.
5 lumbar.
b.
5 thoracic.
c.
7 sacral.
d.
12 cervical.

Question 10

Q

10.	An imaginary line connecting the highest point on each iliac crest would cross the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ vertebra.
a.
First sacral
b.
Fourth lumbar
c.
Seventh cervical
d.
Twelfth thoracic

Question 11

Q

11.	The nurse is explaining to a patient that there are shock absorbers in his back to cushion the spine and to help it move. The nurse is referring to his:
a.
Vertebral column.
b.
Nucleus pulposus.
c.
Vertebral foramen.
d.
Intervertebral disks.

Question 12

Q

12.	The nurse is providing patient education for a man who has been diagnosed with a rotator cuff injury. The nurse knows that a rotator cuff injury involves the:
a.
Nucleus pulposus.
b.
Articular processes.
c.
Medial epicondyle.
d.
Glenohumeral joint.

Question 13

Q

13.	During an interview the patient states, “I can feel this bump on the top of both of my shoulders—it doesn’t hurt but I am curious about what it might be.” The nurse should tell the patient that it is his:
a.
Subacromial bursa.
b.
Acromion process.
c.
Glenohumeral joint.
d.
Greater tubercle of the humerus.

Question 14

Q

14.	The nurse is checking the range of motion in a patient’s knee and knows that the knee is capable of which movement(s)?
a.
Flexion and extension
b.
Supination and pronation
c.
Circumduction
d.
Inversion and eversion

Question 15

Q

15.	A patient is visiting the clinic for an evaluation of a swollen, painful knuckle. The nurse notices that the knuckle above his ring on the left hand is swollen and that he is unable to remove his wedding ring. This joint is called the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ joint.
a.
Interphalangeal
b.
Tarsometatarsal
c.
Metacarpophalangeal
d.
Tibiotalar

Question 16

Q

16.	The nurse is assessing a patient’s ischial tuberosity. To palpate the ischial tuberosity, the nurse knows that it is best to have the patient:
a.
Standing.
b.
Flexing the hip.
c.
Flexing the knee.
d.
Lying in the supine position.

Question 17

Q

17.	The nurse is examining the hip area of a patient and palpates a flat depression on the upper, lateral side of the thigh when the patient is standing. The nurse interprets this finding as the:
a.
Ischial tuberosity.
b.
Greater trochanter.
c.
Iliac crest.
d.
Gluteus maximus muscle.

Question 18

Q

18.	The ankle joint is the articulation of the tibia, fibula, and:
a.
Talus.
b.
Cuboid.
c.
Calcaneus.
d.
Cuneiform bones.

Question 19

Q

19.	The nurse is explaining the mechanism of the growth of long bones to a mother of a toddler. Where does lengthening of the bones occur?
a.
Bursa
b.
Calcaneus
c.
Epiphyses
d.
Tuberosities

Question 20

Q

20.	A woman who is 8 months pregnant comments that she has noticed a change in her posture and is having lower back pain. The nurse tells her that during pregnancy, women have a posture shift to compensate for the enlarging fetus. This shift in posture is known as:
a.
Lordosis.
b.
Scoliosis.
c.
Ankylosis.
d.
Kyphosis.

Question 21

Q

An 85-year-old patient comments during his annual physical examination that he seems to be getting shorter as he ages. The nurse should explain that decreased height occurs with aging because:
a.
Long bones tend to shorten with age.
b.
The vertebral column shortens.
c.
A significant loss of subcutaneous fat occurs.
d.
A thickening of the intervertebral disks develops.

Question 22

Q

22.	A patient has been diagnosed with osteoporosis and asks the nurse, “What is osteoporosis?” The nurse explains that osteoporosis is defined as:
a.
Increased bone matrix.
b.
Loss of bone density.
c.
New, weaker bone growth.
d.
Increased phagocytic activity.

Question 23

Q

The nurse is teaching a class on preventing osteoporosis to a group of perimenopausal women. Which of these actions is the best way to prevent or delay bone loss in this group?
a.
Taking calcium and vitamin D supplements
b.
Taking medications to prevent osteoporosis
c.
Performing physical activity, such as fast walking
d.
Assessing bone density annually

Question 24

Q

24.	A teenage girl has arrived complaining of pain in her left wrist. She was playing basketball when she fell and landed on her left hand. The nurse examines her hand and would expect a fracture if the girl complains of a:
a.
Dull ache.
b.
Deep pain in her wrist.
c.
Sharp pain that increases with movement.
d.
Dull throbbing pain that increases with rest.

Question 25

Q

25.	A patient is complaining of pain in his joints that is worse in the morning, better after he moves around for a while, and then gets worse again if he sits for long periods. The nurse should assess for other signs of what problem?
a.
Tendinitis
b.
Osteoarthritis
c.
Rheumatoid arthritis
d.
Intermittent claudication

Question 26

Q

26.	A patient states, “I can hear a crunching or grating sound when I kneel.” She also states that “it is very difficult to get out of bed in the morning because of stiffness and pain in my joints.” The nurse should assess for signs of what problem?
a.
Crepitation
b.
Bone spur
c.
Loose tendon
d.
Fluid in the knee joint

Question 27

Q

27.	A patient is able to flex his right arm forward without difficulty or pain but is unable to abduct his arm because of pain and muscle spasms. The nurse should suspect:
a.
Crepitation.
b.
Rotator cuff lesions.
c.
Dislocated shoulder.
d.
Rheumatoid arthritis.

Question 28

Q

28.	A professional tennis player comes into the clinic complaining of a sore elbow. The nurse will assess for tenderness at the:
a.
Olecranon bursa.
b.
Annular ligament.
c.
Base of the radius.
d.
Medial and lateral epicondyle.

Question 29

Q

The nurse suspects that a patient has carpal tunnel syndrome and wants to perform the Phalen test. To perform this test, the nurse should instruct the patient to:
a.
Dorsiflex the foot.
b.
Plantarflex the foot.
c.
Hold both hands back to back while flexing the wrists 90 degrees for 60 seconds.
d.
Hyperextend the wrists with the palmar surface of both hands touching, and wait for 60 seconds.

Question 30

Q

An 80-year-old woman is visiting the clinic for a checkup. She states, “I can’t walk as much as I used to.” The nurse is observing for motor dysfunction in her hip and should ask her to:
a.
Internally rotate her hip while she is sitting.
b.
Abduct her hip while she is lying on her back.
c.
Adduct her hip while she is lying on her back.
d.
Externally rotate her hip while she is standing.

Question 31

Q

31.	The nurse has completed the musculoskeletal examination of a patient’s knee and has found a positive bulge sign. The nurse interprets this finding to indicate:
a.
Irregular bony margins.
b.
Soft-tissue swelling in the joint.
c.
Swelling from fluid in the epicondyle.
d.
Swelling from fluid in the suprapatellar pouch.

Question 32

Q

32.	During an examination, the nurse asks a patient to bend forward from the waist and notices that the patient has lateral tilting. When his leg is raised straight up, the patient complains of a pain going down his buttock into his leg. The nurse suspects:
a.
Scoliosis.
b.
Meniscus tear.
c.
Herniated nucleus pulposus.
d.
Spasm of paravertebral muscles.

Question 33

Q

33.	The nurse is examining a 3-month-old infant. While the nurse holds his or her thumbs on the infant’s inner mid thighs and the fingers on the outside of the infant’s hips, touching the greater trochanter, the nurse adducts the legs until the his or her thumbs touch and then abducts the legs until the infant’s knees touch the table. The nurse does not notice any “clunking” sounds and is confident to record a:
a.
Positive Allis test.
b.
Negative Allis test.
c.
Positive Ortolani sign.
d.
Negative Ortolani sign.

Question 34

Q

34.	During a neonatal examination, the nurse notices that the newborn infant has six toes. This finding is documented as:
a.
Unidactyly.
b.
Syndactyly.
c.
Polydactyly.
d.
Multidactyly.

Question 35

Q

A mother brings her newborn baby boy in for a checkup; she tells the nurse that he does not seem to be moving his right arm as much as his left and that he seems to have pain when she lifts him up under the arms. The nurse suspects a fractured clavicle and would observe for:
a.
Negative Allis test.
b.
Positive Ortolani sign.
c.
Limited range of motion during the Moro reflex.
d.
Limited range of motion during Lasègue test.

Question 36

Q

36.	A 40-year-old man has come into the clinic with complaints of extreme pain in his toes. The nurse notices that his toes are slightly swollen, reddened, and warm to the touch. His complaints would suggest:
a.
Osteoporosis.
b.
Acute gout.
c.
Ankylosing spondylitis.
d.
Degenerative joint disease.

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Chapter 22: Musculoskeletal Flashcards

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