Chapter 21 - The Internet Flashcards
MAN stands for what?
Metropolitan Area Network. Is a WAN that spans an entire city.
Internet
is the largest WAN that is composed of many organizations that connect to each other.
NOCs or Tier 1
Network Operation Centers. Secure buildings that house large internet routers. That is a tier 1 network provider.
Tier 2
Cover small area’s and have no peering agreements.
Tier 3
the big internet service provider companies, such as Comcast, AT&T. That sell internet services to individual people and corporations.
Dial-up
POTS (plain Old Telephone Service) or PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network).
Dial-up speed
Dial-up runs at 56kbps Max
ISDN stands for what?
Integrated Services Digital. Which is another form of dial-up. Faster form of dial-up still seen today.
broadband connection
Typical way we connect to the internet cables, DSL, wireless. Always connected to the internet
DSL stands for what?
Digital Subscriber Line(DSL). Earliest version of broadband using telephone lines.
modem
an old dial up modem. Were you would use a dial up connection.
Two forms of DSL
Asymmetric DSL(ADSL) and Symmetric DSL(SDSL).
ADSL
Asymmetric DSL(ADSL). Upload speed is much slower than your download speed.
SDSL
Symmetric DSL(SDSL). Upload and download speed are the same.
PPoE stands for what?
Point-to-Point Protocol Over Ethernet(PPoE). Which is the internet type you have to use to use DSL.
DOCSIS stands for what?
Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification(DOCSIS).
Firewalls do what?
Block ports on an incoming vs. outgoing concept.
Internet connections require what?
a client and a server.
FTP stands for what?
File Transfer Protocol(FTP). Used to transfer files from one system to another. Every web browser is a FTP client usually using port 21.
Passive mode
means everything is done on port 21.
Active mode
Is faster than passive but has issues with source port 20 instead of 21.
Port triggering
Port triggering is used to allow incoming port numbers into router that it would block. seen a lot of times with video games.
Email Protocols
Simple Mail Transfer(SMTP) runs port 25, Post Office Protocol(POP) runs on port 110, Internet Message Protocol(IMAP) runs on port 143.
SMTP
Simple Mail Transfer is the protocol we use to send email to an SMTP server.
POP or POP3
Sends emails down to the email client or pulls email down from the email server, but you have to configure your own folders.
IMAP or IMAP4
Also sends emails down to the email client or pulls email down from the email server, but configures your folders for you. And is very popular today.
Email today is what?
Secured mail. Will usually never see SMTP on port 25 or 587.
Proxy Servers
Popular servers used to today to provide firewalling, check for malware, and ban bad URLs. Used a lot in schools to keep kids to go to certain websites.
Proxy Servers can also do what?
Caching. Which helps with users getting to a commonly used website or location.
VPN stands for what?
Virtual Private Networking(VPN). Uses the internet to create a private connection to a remote network.
VPN Tunnel
when connected to the VPN. It a tunnel from your computer to the network.
Internet of things(IoT)
Means giving internet capability to devices not traditionally associated with the internet.
IoT use what standard?
802.11, zigbee or z-wave.
