Chapter 20 - Psychotropic Medications, Alcohol, And Drug Abuse

Question 1

Addiction

P. 388 and 583

Answer 1

Physical and/or psychological dependence on a substance, especially alcohol or drugs, with the use of increasing amounts (tolerance) and withdrawal reactions.

Question 2

Antidepressant

P. 369 and 584

Answer 2

Medications used to treat patients with various types of depression; sometimes called mood elevators.

Question 3

Antipsychotic

P. 381 and 584

Answer 3

Major tranquilizers used to relieve the symptom of psychoses or severe neuroses; sometimes called neuroleptics.

Question 4

Anxiolytics

P. 377-380 and 585

Answer 4

Antianxiety medications (tranquilizers) used for the short-term treatment of anxiety disorders, neurosis, some psychosomatic disorders and insomnia.

Question 5

Ataxia

P. 378 and 585

Answer 5

Defective muscular coordination, especially with voluntary muscular movements (e.g., walking).

Question 6

Atypical antipsychotics

P. 381 and 585

Answer 6

A newer class of antipsychotics with less potential for adverse effects, such as extrapyramidal symptoms and tardive dyskinesia.

Question 7

Bipolar disorders

P. 375 and 585

Answer 7

Manic-depressive mental disorders in which the mood fluctuates from mania to depression.

Question 8

Chemical dependency

P. 388 and 586

Answer 8

Condition in which alcohol or drugs have taken control of an individual’s life and affect normal functioning.

Question 9

Extrapyramidal (EPS)

P. 381 and 588

Answer 9

Disorder of the brain characterized by tremors, Parkinson-like symptoms, dystonic twisting of body parts, or tardive dyskinesia, sometimes associated with prolonged use of antipsychotic drugs and some other CNS drugs.

Question 10

Heterocyclic

P. 373 and 589

Answer 10

Second-generation cyclic antidepressants with very different adverse effect profiles.

Question 11

Monoamine oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)

P. 369, 370 and 591

Answer 11

Antidepressant agents used to increase serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine levels.

Question 12

Neurotransmitters

P. 368 and 591

Answer 12

Substances that travel across the synapse to transmit messages between nerve cells.

Question 13

Psychotropic

P. 363 and 593

Answer 13

Any substance that acts on the mind.

Question 14

Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)

P. 369, 372, 373 and 594

Answer 14

Antidepressants that block the reabsorption of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine thus helping to restore the brain’s chemical balance.

Question 15

Selective serotonin reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)

P. 369, 371 and 594

Answer 15

Antidepressant that block the reabsorption of the neurotransmitter serotonin, thus helping to restore the brain’s chemical balance.

Question 16

Tardive dyskinesia (TD)

P. 381 and 595

Answer 16

Slow, rhythmical, stereotyped, involuntary movements such as tics.

Question 17

Tricyclics

P. 369 and 595

Answer 17

Antidepressants that elevate the mood, have a mild sedative effect, and increased appetite.

Question 18

Psychotropic medications can be classified according to the purpose of Administration. The five classes are:

(P. 363)

Answer 18

1. Central Nervous System (CNS) Stimulants
2. Antidepressants
3. Anoxiolytics
4. Antimanic Agents
5. Antipsychotic Medications

Question 19

The five categories of Antidepressants are:

P. 369

Answer 19

1. Tricyclic Antidepressants
2. Monoamine oxidase Inhibitors (MOAIs)
3. Selective serotonin reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)
4. Selective norepinephrine reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs)
5. Heterocyclic antidepressants

Question 20

Antipsychotic Medications, or major tranquilizers, are sometimes called neuroleptics and consist of ____________

(P. 381)

Answer 20

• traditional or typical (first-generation) agents

* the newer or atypical (second-generation) agents

Question 21

Antipsychotic Medications are useful in two major areas:

P. 381

Answer 21

1. Relieving symptoms of psychoses, including delusion, hallucinations, agitation, and combativeness.
2. Relieving nausea and vomiting, for example prochlorperazine (Compazine).

Question 22

Symptoms of Alchohol Poisoning are:

P. 389

Answer 22

• cold
• clammy skin
• stupor
• slow, noisy respirations
• alcohol breath

Question 23

Four types of substances that can be produced illegally:

P. 392

Answer 23

• amphetamines
• marijuana
• cocaine
• hallucinogens (LSD and PCP)

Question 24

Although Amphetamines can be produced and prescribed legally, they are also produced in illegal labs. Two examples are:

(P. 392)

Answer 24

1. Methamphetamine 
      • crystal
      • crank
      • ice
      • meth
      • speed

2. Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)
   • Ecstasyl