Chapter 20

Question 1

The European great powers welcomed a civil war in the US for all of the following:

Answer 1

1) A divided America would likely put a halt to European immigration.
2) They could play the two nations off against one another in a game of balance of power.
3) Their existing colonies would be safe against further American expansion.
4) They might more readily seize new colonial territory in the Americas.

Question 2

President Lincoln’s decision on what to do about the situation at Fort Sumter in the first weeks of his administration can best be characterized as

Answer 2

a middle of the road solution.

Question 3

Confederate batteries fired on Fort Sumter when it was learned that

Answer 3

Lincoln had ordered supplies sent to the fort.

Question 4

In 1861, many Northerners were willing to allow Southern states to leave the Union until

Answer 4

the South attacked Fort Sumter.

Question 5

In order to persuade the Border States to remain in the Union, President Lincoln

Answer 5

used legally dubious methods.

Question 6

The Border States offered all of the following advantages:

Answer 6

1) A large population.
2) A good supply of horses and mules.
3) Valuable manufacturing capacity.
4) Large navigable rivers.

Question 7

Lincoln’s declaration that the North sought to preserve the Union with or without slavery

Answer 7

revealed the influence of the Border States on his policies.

Question 8

Lincoln declared from the outset of the Civil War that

Answer 8

he was not fighting to free the blacks.

Question 9

During the Civil War, most of the Five Civilized Tribes in the Indian Territory of present-day Oklahoma

Answer 9

supported the Confederacy.

Question 10

The Cherokees’ decision on whether to side with the North or South during the Civil War was based on

Answer 10

the fact that the tribe also owned slaves.

Question 11

In return for support from the Plains Indians during the Civil War, the Union

Answer 11

waged war on them and herded them onto reservations.

Question 12

To achieve its independence, the Confederacy had to

Answer 12

fight the invading Union army to a draw.

Question 13

As the Civil War began, the South seemed to have the advantage of

Answer 13

more talented military leaders.

Question 14

All of the following were similar characteristics that both Union and Confederate soldiers shared

Answer 14

1) Most soldiers had been farmers or farm laborers.
2) Most troops were native born.
3) Almost half were under the age of 22.
4) Both shared a common commitment to patriotism.

Question 15

Johnny Reb tended to be all of the following:

Answer 15

1) Jocular.
2) Emotional.
3) Religious.
4) Bred to fight.

Question 16

Billy Yank tended to be all of the following:

Answer 16

1) Literate.
2) Intellectual.
3) Practical.
4) Efficient.

Question 17

Of all the hardships faced by the soldiers during the Civil War, the greatest was

Answer 17

disease.

Question 18

The greatest weakness of the South during the Civil War was its

Answer 18

economy.

Question 19

The North’s greatest strength in the Civil War was its

Answer 19

economy.

Question 20

Much of the hunger experienced by Confederate soldiers in the Civil War was due to

Answer 20

the South’s rickety transportation system.

Question 21

Northern soldiers eventually became known for their

Answer 21

discipline and determination.

Question 22

To find effective high-level commanders, the Union

Answer 22

used trial and error.

Question 23

A supposed asset for the South at the beginning of the Civil War that never materialized to its real advantage was

Answer 23

intervention from Britain and France.

Question 24

Most working people in Britain sided with the North because

Answer 24

they had been moved by Uncle Tom’s Cabin to want the end of slavery.

Question 25

One reason that the British did not try to break the Union blockade of the South during the Civil War was that

Answer 25

they feared losing Northern grain shipments.

Question 26

The South believed that the British would come to its aid because

Answer 26

Britain was dependent on Southern cotton.

Question 27

During the Civil War, Britain and the US were nearly provoked into war by

Answer 27

the Trent affair, involving the removal of Southern diplomats from a British ship.

Question 28

During the Civil War, diplomacy for the Union and the Confederacy

Answer 28

was critical for both.

Question 29

Confederate commerce-raiders such as the Alabama

Answer 29

proved effective against Union shipping.

Question 30

The Confederacy’s most effective commerce-raider was the

Answer 30

Alabama.

Question 31

Napoleon III’s attempt to install Maximilian on the Mexican throne was a clear violation of

Answer 31

the Monroe Doctrine.

Question 32

America’s minister to Britain, during the Civil War, under President Lincoln was

Answer 32

Charles Francis Adams

Question 33

France abandoned its attempt to control Mexico

Answer 33

when the US threatened to force France to leave.

Question 34

During the Civil War

Answer 34

relations between the Union and Canada were at times very poor.

Question 35

The Southern cause was weakened by

Answer 35

the concept of states’ rights that the Confederacy professed.

Question 36

As a leader of the Confederacy, Jefferson Davis

Answer 36

defied rather than was led by public opinion.

Question 37

The problems that Abraham Lincoln experienced as president were less prostrating than those experienced by Jefferson Davis partly because the North

Answer 37

had a long-established and fully recognized government.

Question 38

As president of the Confederacy, Jefferson Davis did not exercise the arbitrary power wielded by Abraham Lincoln because

Answer 38

of the South’s emphasis on states’ rights.

Question 39

To fill the army’s demand for troops, prior to 1863, the North relied mainly on

Answer 39

volunteers.

Question 40

In Lincoln’s attempts to preserve the Union, he did all of the following questionable actions as president:

Answer 40

1) Proclaimed a blockade of the Southern ports.
2) Increased the size of the federal army.
3) Suspended the writ of habeas corpus.
4) Advanced federal funds to private citizens without authorization.

Question 41

The Union’s establishment of the National Banking System

Answer 41

was the first significant step toward a unified banking network since 1836.

Question 42

All of the following are true statements about the federal conscription (draft) law:

Answer 42

1) It allowed draftees to hire substitutes.
2) Its provisions were unfair to the poor.
3) Men could pay $300 to purchase an exemption.
4) It inspired resentment and riots.

Question 43

As a result of the Civil War, the Northern economy

Answer 43

greatly expanded its industrial and technological productivity.

Question 44

Possessing _____ percent of the national wealth in 1860, the South claimed only _____ percent in 1870.

Answer 44

30, 12

Question 45

The Civil War was a women’s war in all of the following ways:

Answer 45

1) As men left for war, women gained new job opportunities in government.
2) Military demand for shoes and clothing drew women into industrial employment.
3) Women aided men on the battlefront as spies or by posing as male soldiers.
4) Women were able to professionalize nursing.

Question 46

Despite the war, 300,000 people migrated to the West, lured mainly by

Answer 46

the prospect of free land under the Homestead Act.

Question 47

States that joined the Confederacy after the firing on Fort Sumter included:

Answer 47

1) Virginia
2) North Carolina
3) Tennessee
4) Arkansas

Question 48

Border slave states that remained loyal to the Union included:

Answer 48

1) Kentucky
2) Missouri
3) Maryland
4) Delaware

Question 49

Northern advantages at the outset of the Civil War included:

Answer 49

1) Control of the seas.

2) More banks, factories, railroads, and people.

Question 50

King Cotton failed the South as a tool of wartime diplomacy because:

Answer 50

1) Britain held surpluses of cotton when the war began.
2) Textile workers in Britain favored the North.
3) The North sent captured cotton to Britain.
4) Britain developed alternative supplies of cotton in Egypt and India.

Question 51

Confederate commerce-raiders

Answer 51

1) Dealt a devastating blow to the Union’s merchant marine.

2) Were almost all built in Britain.

Question 52

President Lincoln’s loose interpretation of civil liberties during the Civil War

Answer 52

1) Resulted in the suspension of habeas corpus.
2) Led to the arrest of several critical newspaper editors.
3) Was defended by him as necessary to save the Union.

Question 53

Like the North during the Civil War, the South

Answer 53

1) Exempted the wealthy from military service.
2) Experienced a high rate of desertion.
3) Relied mainly on volunteer enlistments.
4) Drafted men into military service.

Question 54

To help pay for the Civil War, both the North and South

Answer 54

1) Raised taxes.
2) Printed paper currency.
3) Sold bonds.