Chapter 20

Question 1

Hypothalamus

Answer 1

-contains neurosecretory cells that control the outpout of the anterior pituitary hormones (also known as the TROPIC hormones)

Question 2

TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone)

Answer 2

Targets the thyroid gland

Thyroid stimulates metabolism

Question 3

ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone)

Answer 3

Targets adrenal cortex

controls secretion of hormones from adrenal cortex

Question 4

FSH (follicular stimulating hormone)

Answer 4

Targets the ovaries

stimulates follicle cells to secrete estrogen and stimulates production of sperm cells

Question 5

Growth Hormone (GH)

Answer 5

Targets the entire body

Increases division of cells in the body

Question 6

Prolactin (PRL)

Answer 6

Target memory glands

Milk production after birth

Question 7

Anterior Pituitary

Answer 7

Contains endocrine cells (make other hormones)

TSH, ACTH, FSH, GH, PRL

Question 8

Tropic hormones

Answer 8

Stimulate other endocrine organs

Question 9

LH (luteinizing hormone)

Answer 9

secretion of sex hormones & releasing an egg cell in females

Question 10

Hypothalamus controls the output of hormones in the anterior pituitary who controls the other organs in the body

Answer 10

aksd;ja

Question 11

Posterior pituitary

Answer 11

No cells exist here. Only hormones are dumped from the hypothalamus (ADH & OT)

Question 12

ADH (Antidiuretic hormone)

Answer 12

Targets kidney tubules

Causes kidneys to conserve water in high concentration; increases blood pressures

Question 13

Oxytocin (OT)

Answer 13

Targets uterine muscles & mammary glands

Contracts muscles in the uterine wall; contracts muscles with milk-seceting glands

Question 14

Hypothalamus & Posterior pituitary Assoication

Answer 14

ADH & OT are made in hypothalamus and dumped in the posterior pituitary gland

Question 15

Three things with Thyroid gland

Answer 15

Left & Right lobe of thyroid gland

Isthimus (middle) connects lobes

Question 16

Follicular cells

Answer 16

controls TH

Question 17

Thyroid hormone (TH)

Answer 17

control metabolism

Question 18

Parafollicular cells

Answer 18

makes calcitonin

Question 19

Calcitonin

Answer 19

regulates calcium in blood stream. calcitonin brings calcium down in the blood stream if it is too high

Question 20

Parathyroid gland

Answer 20

on the backside of the thyroid gland

makes parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 21

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Answer 21

when calcium levels decreases, PTH is secreted in the blood stream to increase the calcium

Question 22

adrenal gland

Answer 22

located above the kidney and have two types of tissues: medulla vs cortex

Question 23

Cortex; type of hormones

Answer 23

corticosteriods

Question 24

Cortex; layers

Answer 24

Zona glomerulosa; mineralocorticoids (sodium)
Zona fasciaculata; glucocorticoids (glucose levels, cortisol)
Zona reticularis; gonadocorticoids (similiar to testorine &estrogen)

Question 25

Medulla

Answer 25

epinepherine aka adrenaline

Question 26

Pancreas, endocrine

Answer 26

Pancreatic islet (islet of Langerhans)

Question 27

PAncreatic Islet (alpha)

Answer 27

makes glucagon to increase blood sugar levels by the breakdown of glycogen

Question 28

Pancreatic islet (beta)

Answer 28

makes insulin | lowers blood sugar levels by the uptake of glucose

Question 29

Testes

Answer 29

Testosterone: maturation of sperm, protein synths in muscles

Question 30

Ovaries

Answer 30

Estrogen: maturation of eggs (follicles) Progesterone: prepation of pregnancy

Question 31

Stoma

Answer 31

produce gastrin: stimulates chief and parietel cells

Question 32

Intestines

Answer 32

secretin & cholecyostokinin: slowing emptying of stomach, stimulates gallbladder contraction & pancreatic juice release

Question 33

Kidneys

Answer 33

erythropoietin (EPO): stimulates red blood cell production by marrow

Question 34

Heart

Answer 34

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP_): helps decrease blood pressure if gets too high

Question 35

Pineal Gland:

Answer 35

Melatonin: coordinates sleep/wake cycles with daylight cycle