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Anatomy > Chapter 20 > Flashcards

Chapter 20 Flashcards

1
Q

Hypothalamus

A

-contains neurosecretory cells that control the outpout of the anterior pituitary hormones (also known as the TROPIC hormones)

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2
Q

TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone)

A

Targets the thyroid gland

Thyroid stimulates metabolism

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3
Q

ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone)

A

Targets adrenal cortex

controls secretion of hormones from adrenal cortex

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4
Q

FSH (follicular stimulating hormone)

A

Targets the ovaries

stimulates follicle cells to secrete estrogen and stimulates production of sperm cells

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5
Q

Growth Hormone (GH)

A

Targets the entire body

Increases division of cells in the body

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6
Q

Prolactin (PRL)

A

Target memory glands

Milk production after birth

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7
Q

Anterior Pituitary

A

Contains endocrine cells (make other hormones)

TSH, ACTH, FSH, GH, PRL

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8
Q

Tropic hormones

A

Stimulate other endocrine organs

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9
Q

LH (luteinizing hormone)

A

secretion of sex hormones & releasing an egg cell in females

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10
Q

Hypothalamus controls the output of hormones in the anterior pituitary who controls the other organs in the body

A

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11
Q

Posterior pituitary

A

No cells exist here. Only hormones are dumped from the hypothalamus (ADH & OT)

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12
Q

ADH (Antidiuretic hormone)

A

Targets kidney tubules

Causes kidneys to conserve water in high concentration; increases blood pressures

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13
Q

Oxytocin (OT)

A

Targets uterine muscles & mammary glands

Contracts muscles in the uterine wall; contracts muscles with milk-seceting glands

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14
Q

Hypothalamus & Posterior pituitary Assoication

A

ADH & OT are made in hypothalamus and dumped in the posterior pituitary gland

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15
Q

Three things with Thyroid gland

A

Left & Right lobe of thyroid gland

Isthimus (middle) connects lobes

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16
Q

Follicular cells

A

controls TH

17
Q

Thyroid hormone (TH)

A

control metabolism

18
Q

Parafollicular cells

A

makes calcitonin

19
Q

Calcitonin

A

regulates calcium in blood stream. calcitonin brings calcium down in the blood stream if it is too high

20
Q

Parathyroid gland

A

on the backside of the thyroid gland

makes parathyroid hormone (PTH)

21
Q

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

A

when calcium levels decreases, PTH is secreted in the blood stream to increase the calcium

22
Q

adrenal gland

A

located above the kidney and have two types of tissues: medulla vs cortex

23
Q

Cortex; type of hormones

A

corticosteriods

24
Q

Cortex; layers

A

Zona glomerulosa; mineralocorticoids (sodium)
Zona fasciaculata; glucocorticoids (glucose levels, cortisol)
Zona reticularis; gonadocorticoids (similiar to testorine &estrogen)

25
Q

Medulla

A

epinepherine aka adrenaline

26
Q

Pancreas, endocrine

A

Pancreatic islet (islet of Langerhans)

27
Q

PAncreatic Islet (alpha)

A

makes glucagon to increase blood sugar levels by the breakdown of glycogen

28
Q

Pancreatic islet (beta)

A

makes insulin

lowers blood sugar levels by the uptake of glucose

29
Q

Testes

A

Testosterone: maturation of sperm, protein synths in muscles

30
Q

Ovaries

A

Estrogen: maturation of eggs (follicles)
Progesterone: prepation of pregnancy

31
Q

Stoma

A

produce gastrin: stimulates chief and parietel cells

32
Q

Intestines

A

secretin & cholecyostokinin: slowing emptying of stomach, stimulates gallbladder contraction & pancreatic juice release

33
Q

Kidneys

A

erythropoietin (EPO): stimulates red blood cell production by marrow

34
Q

Heart

A

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP_): helps decrease blood pressure if gets too high

35
Q

Pineal Gland:

A

Melatonin: coordinates sleep/wake cycles with daylight cycle

Anatomy (14 decks)

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