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Anatomy > Chapter 15 > Flashcards

Chapter 15 Flashcards

1
Q

CNS

A

brain: meninges, cerebrum, diencephalon, brainstem & cerebellum
& spinal cord

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2
Q

PNS

A

nerve structs, cranial nerves, spinal nerves & plexuses

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3
Q

GRAY matter

A

most cell bodies and dendrites..

NO MYELIN

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4
Q

White matter

A

axons

MYELIN (lipid, white, fatty)

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5
Q

Cerebral, neural cortex

A

thin layer of gray matter that runs outer layer

cerebrium

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6
Q

nucleus

A

random matter inferior CNS

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7
Q

tracts

A

bundles of CNS axons that share a common origin and desitination

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8
Q

ganglia

A

neuron cell bodies in PNS

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9
Q

nerves

A

bundles of axons in PNS

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10
Q

Structures of brain & brainstem

A

cerebrum, thalamus, hypothalamus, midbrain, pons, cerebellum, medulla

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11
Q

Meninges (surface–> deep)

A

Dura matter, thick and tough layer
arachnoid, still can’t see through groves
pia mater, cannot peel layer away

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12
Q

subarchnoid space

A

fluid filled space between arachnoid and pia mater

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13
Q

What are the two hemispheres of the cerebrum separated by?

A

longitudinal fissure

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14
Q

What are the two hemispheres of the cerebrum CONNECTED by

A

corpus callosum

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15
Q

Gyrus, sulcus, fissure??

A

Fold
space between
deep sulcus

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16
Q

lateral fissure divides which lobes?

A

frontal, parietal, & temporal

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17
Q

central sulcus?

A

between frontal lobe and parietal lobe

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18
Q

parieto-occipital sulcus

A

divides parietal lobe and occipital lobe

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19
Q

Cerebral lobes?

A 
frontal
parietal
occipital
temporal
insular
20
Q

Cerebral cortex

A

gray matter in each lobe have specific functions

21
Q

Frontal lobe functions cortex

A 
MOTOR: coming from CNS and out to the body
planning movements, control in motor neurons in spinal cord
Cognitive functions:
short term memory
control of attention
planning
personality
problem solving
22
Q

Parietal lobe cortex

A

SENSORY:
touch, temperature, paint
visual info, motion

23
Q

Occipital lobe cortex

A

SENSORY:
basic visual stimulation (COLOR CONTRAST SHAPES)
Optic nerve carries info to the occipital lobe first

24
Q

Temporal lobe cortex

A 
SENSORY:
auditory stimulation SMELL
olfactory stimulation SOUND
some visual stimulation (faces) - object recognition
long-term memory
25
Q

Insula lobe cortex

A

SENSORY:

taste stimulation

26
Q

Wernicke’s area

A

Parietal & temporal lobes
Lanugage processing with BROCAS AREA in frontal lobe to produce spoken language
Math

27
Q

nucleus

A

discreet bits of gray matter INSIDE cerebrum

28
Q

Cerebral nuclei

A

Caudate nucleus
Putamen
Globus palidus

29
Q

Cerebral nuclei function MOTOR

A

“gating” function: go, no go
Motor control: need a “go” from all three nuclei
Parkinson’s and huntingtons: c constantly moving. because abnormalities of one of the nuclei

30
Q

Cerebral nuceli function COGNiTIVE

A

OCD: can’t stop doing something

31
Q

Amygdaloid body

A

fear emotions

32
Q

WHITE MATTER

A

contains communication pathways between gray matter

made up of axons

33
Q

Diencephalon

A

Thalamus, hypothalamus (pituitary gland) & pineal gland

34
Q

Thalamus

A 
takes all sensory info and routes it into the proper location
Divided into halves by INTERMEDIATE MASS
sound, vision goes to thalamus first
Smart relay
Stop sending info (wearing underwear)
35
Q

Hypothalamus

A

control of endocrine function (HORMONES)
control of drives (thirst, hunger, sex, pleasure)
body temperature
autonomic function (fear, flight, fight vs. rest)
circadian rhythms (sleep)
hypothalamus controls pituitary gland

36
Q

Brainstem

A

Midbrain
Pons
Medulla Oblongata

37
Q

Midbrain

A

Motor control system
Cerebral aqueduct
Red nucleus
Substantia nigra

38
Q

Pons

A

Reticulat formation: group of cells that control autonomic fxn
BREATHING

39
Q

Medulla

A

Olive & Pyramid

40
Q

Reticular formation of Medulla

A

cardiac center
vasomotor center (blood vessel diameter)
sneezing, coughing, swallowing, gagging, and vomiting

41
Q

Cochlear nucleus

A

Medulla
relays sound info to brain
SOUND

42
Q

Inferior olivary nucleus

A

relays body position info to cerebellum

BODY POSITION

43
Q

vestibularcochlear nerve

A

SOUND RELAY cochlear nucleus..thalamus..temporal lobe

44
Q

Cerebellum

A

Hemispheres
VERMIS connects hemispheres
ARBOR VITAE- white

45
Q

Cerebellum function

A

coordinate muscular action

walking

46
Q

Ventricles

A

2 lateral ventricles, third ventricle, fourth ventricle

fluid filled spaces

47
Q

Cerebral spinal fluid CSF

A

inside fluid & outside fluid

subarachnoid space, goes all in CNS & spinal cord

Anatomy (14 decks)

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