Chapter 20 Flashcards
When was Operation Barbarossa launched?
June 1941
When did Hitler defeat France?
October 1940
How many Jews came under Nazis rule with the invasion of the USSR in June 1941?
3 million
What was Blitzkrieg?
Literally meant ‘lighting war’; it combined air attacks with motorised ground units to devastating effect.
When and where was the first Jewish ghetto set up?
In Lodz, February 1940
How many calories a day were Jews in the Warsaw ghetto receiving compared with the average German?
Germans received 2310 calories a day; Jews in the Warsaw ghetto got just 300.
How many people died in the Warsaw ghetto between 1940-41?
100,000, from malnutrition and disease.
Who were the Einsatzgruppen?
‘Special Groups’ sent in to the USSR behind the German forces.
How many Soviet Jews dies at the hands of the Einsatzgruppen in June and July 1941 alone?
500,000
Who were the members of the Einsatzgruppen?
Police, regular troops, and volunteers found along the way, probably Jews or Bolshevists trying to prove their loyalty to the Nazis in order to save their lives.
What was the name of the planned invasion of the USSR?
Operation Barbarossa
What would Operation Barbarossa allow Hitler to achieve?
Lebensraum
What did Operation Barbarossa do?
Bring millions of Soviet Jews under Nazi control.
When did Hitler issue the order to kill Soviet Jews?
He never issued such an order.
What did the war with Russia intensify?
The ‘Jewish question’
When were German Jews required to wear the yellow Star of David?
December 1941
What were Jews excluded from in 1940?
Wartime rationing allowances for clothing and shoes.
What solution did the Nazis turn to to try and solve the Jewish question?
Ghettos
How many people shared an average room in the Jewish ghettos?
6
What happened to a person sent to a Jewish ghetto?
They had their home confiscated, forced to sell their valuables, and were forced to work.
What did the Nazis restrict going in to the Jewish ghettos?
Food
Medicine
Fuel
What were the ghettos designed to do?
Ensure large numbers of Jews died from starvation, cold, and disease.
How many Jews died in ghettos?
500,000
Who were the Einsatzgruppen sent to kill?
Communists
Red Army commissars
Jewish-Bolshevist intelligentsia.
How many Soviet Jews did the Einsatzgruppen kill in June and July 1941?
500,000 - far beyond their remit.
