Chapter 17 (NOT FINAL) Flashcards
What idea fitted nicely into Hitler’s views of Jews?
Social Darwinism.
What did Hitler consider to be the destiny of the Aryan race?
To rule over the inferior races.
What justified the sterilisation of the mentally ill and other racial undesirables?
‘Racial hygiene’
Who was excluded from the volksgemeinschaft?
- Political enemies
- Asocials
- Those of a different race (e.g. Jews, gypsies)
- Those with hereditary defects
Where did Germany’s destiny lie?
In the east, conquering Poland and the former Russian Empire to access fertile land a raw materials.
Other than ‘Germanise’ the eastern lands, what else would Hitler’s lebensraum do?
Bring the ‘lost Germans’ back into the Reich.
What is eugenics?
Selective breeding of a race to try and improve them.
Who were ‘biological outsiders’ of the Nazi volksgemeinschaft?
The mentally and physically ill.
When was the Law for Prevention of Hereditarily Diseased Progeny passed?
July 1933
What did the Law for Prevention of Hereditarily Diseased Progeny do?
Introduced compulsory sterilisation for certain ‘inferiors’, including alcoholics, depressives, epilepsy, hereditary blindness and deafness.
At what age could you be sterilised?
10 years old.
What did the Nazis ban Aryan women from doing in an attempt to increase birth rates?
They were not allowed to have an abortion or use contraception.
What happened to women over the age of 38 and why?
They were sterilised because they were at greater risk of giving birth to children with defects.
How many people did the Nazis sterilise in total?
400,000
When was euthanasia authorised for the mentally and physically disabled?
October 1939
How were the mentally and physically disabled regarded by the Nazis?
An unproductive burden.
How many children were euthanised by the Nazis?
5000
What was the euthanasia programme called?
Aktion T4
Who led the Aktion T4 programme?
Dr Philipp Bouhler
When did the Aktion T4 programme stop?
August 1941
Who managed to stop the Aktion T4 programme?
The Churches
When did the pope speak out against the Aktion T4 programme?
December 1940
When did Archbishop Galen of Munster preach a sermon attacking euthanasia?
3 August 1941
What was Hashude?
An asocial colony in northern Germany.
When was Hashude set up?
1936
What was Hashude set up for?
To re-educate asocials so they could be reintegrated into society.
What did Nazi students do in May 1933?
They attacked the Institute of Sex Research, a gay organisation, and burnt their library.
How many men were arrested an imprisoned between 1936 and 1938 for being homosexual?
22,000
When was the Reich Office for the Combatting of Homosexuality and Abortion created?
1936
Who created the Reich Office for the Combatting of Homosexuality and Abortion?
Himmler
What happened to many homosexuals that were arrested?
They were subjected to ‘voluntary castration’.
What was set up to combat the gypsies?
Reich Central Office for the Fight Against the Gypsy Nuisance
When was the Reich Central Office for the Fight Against the Gypsy Nuisance set up?
1936
What did Himmler issue in 1938 to combat the gypsies?
Decree for the Struggle Against the Gypsy Plague
What two things did Himmler do against homosexuals and gypsies?
- Reich Office for the Combatting of Homosexuality and Abortion
- Decree for the Struggle against the Gypsy Plague
What did the Decree for the Struggle Against the Gypsy Plague do?
Require all gypsies to be registered and issued with an identity card.
When did Nazi students attack the Institute of Sex Research, a gay organisation, and burn their library?
May 1933
What office did Himmler set up to tackle gypsies?
Reich Central Office for the Fight Against the Gypsy Nuisance.
Who preached a sermon attacking euthanasia?
Archbishop Galen of Munster
