Chapter 2 - Temperature Flashcards
Give Kelvin and Fahrenheit at 0 Degrees
273 Kelvin
32 Fahrenheit
How do we measure the surface temp
Stevensons Screen
4 feet off the ground / 1-2m
How do we measure the upper air temp
Weather ballon’s with Radiosnodes measuring Px, temp, altitude, humidity
What does insolation mean
Heat created on the surface caused by the Sun
Why hotter on the Equator
The sun rays are more concentrated
What is the name of the heat and source of long and short waves?
Short Waves = insolation from Sun
Long Waves = Terrestrial from the surface
Another word for reflectivity
Albedo
What has a high specific heat
Water - slow to heat and cool
What has a low specific heat
Land - quick to heat and cool
What causes green house effect
Water & CO2
What is conduction
Transfer of heat between physical contact. The Earth’s surface to air
What is Convection
Transfer of heat vertically
What is Advection
Transfer of heat horizontal
Give the process to the atmosphere from WV to W to Ice plus the stages
Warming process - Latent heat released
Condensing
Freezing
Give the process to the atmosphere from Ice to W to WV plus the stages
Cooling Process - Latent heat absorbed
Melting
Evaporation
WV to Ice each way is called
Sublimation
What can cause the Diurnal temp range to be smaller
Wind and Clouds
When the ground cools the air directly above it with no convection
Called Ground/ Nocturnal/ Radiation Inversion
In a valley Inversion what is the downslope wind called
Katabatibc effect
What is a frontal Inversion
Warm sea air being blown towards cool land
Discribe a Subsidence Inversion
At a fixed point higher Px air pushes outwards, creating a pocket for cold air, the warm sinking air then sits on top
What is the heat equator
Because of the angle the earth sits the heat equator is different to the geographical one. Also called ITCZ and varies with the time of year.
