Chapter 1 - The Atmosphere

Question 1

List % of gases that make up the Atmosphere

Answer 1

Nitrogen - 78%
Oxygen - 21 %
Argon - 0.93%
C02 - 0.038%%
Other - 0.0407%

Question 2

What is the other non Gas involved in the Atmosphere and its %

Answer 2

Water Vapour - 4% (Volume at lower levels)

Question 3

What are the 4 main layers of the Atmosphere

Answer 3

Troposphere
Stratosphere
Mesosphere
Thermosphere

Question 4

What is the height of the Tropopause

Answer 4

11 KM or 36090 feet

Question 5

What are the heights and temps of the Tropopause over the Equator and poles

Answer 5

Equator = 16-18km   -75 degrees
Poles     = 8-10km    -40 - -50 degrees

Question 6

Where do Troposphere folds/breaks occur and what can usually be found here

Answer 6

60 N and 40 S Degree

Jet streams

Question 7

What is the Lapse rate up to the Troposphere in Metric and Imperial + Final temp

Answer 7

2/1000 ft

0. 65/100m
   - 56.6 degrees

Question 8

In Stratosphere what happens to Temp, what is created, which height does the pause occur and what type of clouds can form

Answer 8

Temp is Constant up to 20km then increases
O-Zone layer absorbs suns rays to protect the earth
50km
Nacreous / Mother of pearl

Question 9

In Mesosphere what happens to the Temp, pause at, type of cloud

Answer 9

Temp decreases to -90 degrees
80km
Noctilucent Cloud

Question 10

What is in the Thermosphere, what happens to temp, what is caused by thunder storms

Answer 10

Ionosphere
Temp increases 600-2000 degrees
200-500Kv electrical difference charges

Question 11

Give ISA for Pressure, Density

Answer 11

Pressure - 760mm hg or 1013.25 Hpascal

Density - 1.225 kg/m3

Question 12

Give the height for 50% ISA Px and LR below & above

Answer 12

18,000 feet
hpascal/27ft below
hpascal/50ft above

Question 13

How to calculate Kelvin

Answer 13

0 degrees + 273

Question 14

What is the formula for LR

Answer 14

H= 96T

P

Question 15

Give the Density LR 50% Height

Answer 15

22,000 ft (0.609 kg/m3)

Question 16

How to calculate ISA deviations

Answer 16

Get height in feet x by 2 and work out difference.
Compare with ISA for +or-
Could ask for what would if ISA was used
Be aware at 36000 ft -56 is constant

Question 17

Name the ways energy is transferred from the surface into the atmosphere

Answer 17

Radiation 
Conduction
Convection
Turbulence/ Advection
Latent Heat