Chapter 2: Suffixes Flashcards
What’s a suffix
Word element that’s added to the end of a word root, or combining form, that changes its meaning.
If a suffix begins with a vowel, what is used to linking it to another word element?
Word Root
example: hemat/emesis
If a suffix begins with a consonant, what is used to linking it to another word element?
Combining Form
example: hemat/o/logy
Define Compound Words
Words that contain more than 1 word root; these are joined by a vowel.
-centesis
surgical puncture; example
arthr/o/centesis
-clasis
to break, surgical fracture
example: oste/o/clasis
-desis
binding, fixation (of a bone/joint)
example: arthr/o/desis
-ectomy
excision, removal
example: append/ectomy
-lysis
separation, destruction, loosening
example: thromb/o/lysis
-pexy
fixation (of an organ)
example: mast/o/pexy
-plasty
surgical repair
example: rhin/o/plasty
-rrhaphy
suture
example: my/o/rrhaphy
-stomy
forming an opening (mouth)
example: trache/o/stomy
-tome
instrument to cut
example: oste/o/tome
-tomy
incision
example: trache/o/tomy
-tripsy
crushing
example: lith/o/tripsy
Surgical Suffixes
Describe a type of invasive procedure performed on a body part.
Diagnostic Suffixes
Describe a procedure performed to identify the cause and nature of an illness.
Pathological Suffixes
Describe an abnormal condition or disease.
-gram
record, writing
example: electr/o/cardi/o/gram
-graph
instrument for recording
example: electr/o/cari/o/graph
-graphy
process of recording
example: electr/o/cardi/o/graphy
-scope
instrument for examining
example: endo/scope
-scopy
visual examination
example: endo/scopy.
- algia
- dynia
Pain
example: neur/algia, and ot/o/dynia
-cele
hernia, swelling
example: hepat/o/cele
-ectasis
dilation, expansion
example: bronchi/ectasis
-emesis
vomiting
example: hyper/emesis
-emia
blood condition
example: leuk/emia
- gen
- genesis
forming, producing, origin
example: carcin/o/gen, carcin/o/genesis
-itis
inflammation
example: gastr/itis
-malacia
softening
example: chondr/o/malacia
-megaly
enlargement
example: cardi/o/megaly
-oma
tumor
example: neur/oma
-osis
abnormal condition; increase (primarily with blood cells)
example: cyan/osis
-pathy
disease
example: my/o/pathy
-penia
decrease, deficiency
example: oste/o/penia
-phobia
fear
example: hem/o/phobia
-plegia
paralysis
example: quadri/plegia
-ptosis
prolapse, downward displacement
example: blephar/o/ptosis
-rrhea
discharge, flow
example: dia/rrhea
-rrhexis
rupture
example: arteri/o/rrhexis
-sclerosis
abnormal condition of hardening
example: arteri/o/sclerosis
-spasm
involuntary contraction, twitching
example: blephar/o/spasm
-stenosis
narrowing, stricture
example: arteri/o/stenosis
-toxic
poison
example: hepat/o/toxic
Grammatical Suffixes
Short; are attached to word roots to form parts of speech, such as adjectives or nouns
- ac
- al
- ar
- ary
- eal
- ic
- ior
- ous
- tic
pertaining to
examples: cardi/ac, neur/al, muscul/ar, pulmon/ary, esophag/eal, thorac/ic, poster/ior, cutane/ous, acous/tic.
- ia
- ism
condition
example: pneumon/ia, thyroid/ism
- iatry
- ist
medicine, treatment
example: psych/iatry, hemat/o/log/ist
-y
condition or process
example: neur/o/path/y
- icle
- ole
- ule
small, minute
examples: ventr/icle, arteri/ole, ven/ule
Singular/Plural
-a
Retain a, add e
example: pleura, pleurae
Singular/Plural
-ax
Drop x, add ces
example: thorax, thoraces
Singular/Plural
-en
Drop en, add ina
example: lumen, lumina
Singular/Plural
-is
Drop is, add es
example: diagnosis, diagnoses
Singular/Plural
-ix
Drop ix, add ices
example: appendix, appendices
Singular/Plural
-ex
Drop ex, add ices
example: apex, apices
Singular/Plural
-ma
Retain ma, add ta
example: carcinoma, carcinomata
Singular/Plural
-on
Drop on, add a
example: ganglion, ganglia
Singular/Plural
-um
Drop um, add a
example: bacterium, bacteria
Singular/Plural
-us
Drop us, add i
example: bronchus, bronchi
Singular/Plural
-y
Drop y, add ies
example: deformity, deformities
