Chapter 2 Retrieval Practice Flashcards
When a neuron fires an action potential, the information travels through the axon, the dendrites, and the cell body, but not in that order. Place these three structures in the correct order.
Dendrites, cell body, then the axon.
How does our nervous system allow us to experience the difference between a slap and a tap on the back?
Stronger stimuli (the slap) fire more frequently than a weaker stimuli (the tap)
What is the resting potential set at, and what is the level of stimulation required to fire a neural impulse?
-70mV, and the threshold is -55mV, it surpasses and the action potential reaches +40mV
What happens at the synaptic gap?
Neuro transmitters cross a tiny gap between ones neurons terminal branch, and the next neurons dendrite or cell body
What is reuptake?
Reuptake is the absorption of excess neurotransmitters.
Serotonin, dopamine, and endorphins are all chemical messengers called___________?
Neurotransmitters
Acetylcholine’s functions are ________, ________,________?
Enabling muscle action, learning, and memory.
Endorphins are neurotransmitters that influence the perception of _______, _______?
Pain and pleasure.
What do Agonist molecules do?
Help increase neurotransmitter’s action
What to Antagonists molecules do?
Block neurotransmitters
Curare poisoning paralyzes its victims by blocking ACh receptors involved in muscle movements. Morphine mimics endorphin actions. Which is Agonist, and Antagonist?
Curare poisoning is Antagonist, and morphine is Agonist.
What are three main types of neurons?
Sensory neurons, which carry info from the body’s tissues and sensory receptors. Motor neurons, which carry instructions from the CNS to the muscles and glands; and interneurons, which are between the sensory and motor input, where info is processed.
What role does the Autonomic nervous system do?
Controls our glands, and internal organs. (Autonomy)
Somatic nervous system controls
Sensory input, and motor output (skeletal muscles)
Sympathetic nervous system does what?
Arouses, and expands energy
Parasympathetic nervous system does what?
Parasympathetic calms the body, and conserves energy
Our brains have how many neurons?
86 Billion neurons
The Endocrine system is the fast or slow chemical communication system?
endocrine is the slow chemical communication system; it a set of glands that secrete hormones’ into the blood stream.
What bodily changes does your Autonomic nervous system direct before and after an important speech?
ANS sympathetic arouses you, then parasympathetic comes into play and calms you.
Where are adrenal glands located?
On top of the kidneys.
Pituitary is the endocrines _______ gland?
Most influential gland, it regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands.
How are nervous, and endocrines alike?
They both are communication systems- the nervous being much faster, and endocrine the slower chemical messenger.
