Chapter 2 Questions Flashcards
How many neutrons do carbon-12 and carbon-13 have, respectively?
An atom may give, take, or share electrons with another atom to achieve a full valence shell, the most stable electron configuration. Looking at this figure, how many electrons do elements in group 1 need to lose in order to achieve a stable electron configuration? How many electrons do elements in groups 14 and 17 need to gain to achieve a stable configuration?
Which of the following statements is false?
a. Molecules with the formulas CH3CH2COOH and C3H6O2 could be structural isomers.
b. Molecules must have a double bond to be cis-trans isomers.
c. To be enantiomers, a molecule must have at least three different atoms or groups connected to a central carbon.
d. To be enantiomers, a molecule must have at least four different atoms or groups connected to a central carbon.
If xenon has an atomic number of 54 and a mass number of 108, how many neutrons does it
have?
a. 54
b. 27 b.
c. 100
d. 108
Atoms that vary in the number of neutrons found in their nuclei are called ________.
a. ions
b. neutrons
c. neutral atoms
d. isotopes
Potassium has an atomic number of 19. What is its electron configuration?
a. shells 1 and 2 are full, and shell
3 has nine electrons
b. shells 1, 2 and 3 are full and shell 4 has three electrons
c. shells 1, 2 and 3 are full and shell 4 has one electron
d. shells 1, 2 and 3 are full and no other electrons are present
Which type of bond represents a weak chemical bond?
a.hydrogen bond
b. atomic bond
c. covalent bond
d. nonpolar covalent bond
Which of the following statements is not true?
a. Water is polar.
b. Water stabilizes temperature.
c. Water is essential for life.
d. Water is the most abundant molecule in the Earth’s atmosphere.
When acids are added to a solution, the pH should ________.
a. decrease
b. increase
c. stay the same
d. cannot tell without testing
A molecule that binds up excess hydrogen ions in a solution is called a(n) ________.
a. acid
b. isotope c. base
d. donator
Which of the following statements is true?
a. Acids and bases cannot mix together.
b. Acids and bases will neutralize each other.
c. Acids, but not bases, can change the pH of a solution.
d. Acids donate hydroxide ions (OH–); bases donate hydrogen ions (H+).
Each carbon molecule can bond with as many as________ other atom(s) or molecule(s).
a. one
b. two
c. six
d. four
Which of the following is not a functional group that can bond with carbon?
a. sodium
b. hydroxyl
c. phosphate
d. carbonyl
What makes ionic bonds different from covalent bonds?
Why are hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions necessary for cells?
