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BIO156 > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Abstract

A

opening section of a scientific paper that summarizes the research and conclusions

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2
Q

applied science

A

form of science that aims to solve real-world problems

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3
Q

atom

A

smallest and most fundamental unit of matter

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4
Q

Basic Science

A

science that seeks to expand knowledge and understanding regardless of the shortterm application of that knowledge

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5
Q

Biochemistry

A

study of the chemistry of biological organisms

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6
Q

Biology

A

the study of living organisms and their interactions with one another and their environments

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7
Q

Biosphere

A

collection of all the ecosystems on Earth

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8
Q

Botany

A

study of plants

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9
Q

Cell

A

smallest fundamental unit of structure and function in living things

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10
Q

community

A

set of populations inhabiting a particular area

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11
Q

Conclusion

A

section of a scientific paper that summarizes the importance of the experimental
findings

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12
Q

Control

A

part of an experiment that does not change during the experiment

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13
Q

Deductive reasoning

A

form of logical thinking that uses a general inclusive statement to forecast
specific results

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14
Q

Descriptive science

A

(also, discovery science) form of science that aims to observe, explore, and
investigate

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15
Q

Discussion

A

section of a scientific paper in which the author interprets experimental results,
describes how variables may be related, and attempts to explain the phenomenon in question

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16
Q

Ecosystem

A

all the living things in a particular area together with the abiotic, nonliving parts of that
environment

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17
Q

Eukaryote

A

organism with cells that have nuclei and membrane-bound organelles

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18
Q

Evolution

A

process of gradual change during which new species arise from older species and some
species become extinct

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18
Q

Falsifiable

A

able to be disproven by experimental results

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19
Q

Homeostasis

A

ability of an organism to maintain constant internal conditions

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20
Q

Hypothesis-Based Science

A

form of science that begins with a specific question and potential
testable answers

21
Q

Hypothesis

A

suggested explanation for an observation, which can be tested

22
Q

Inductive Reasoning

A

form of logical thinking that uses related observations to arrive at a general
conclusion

23
Q

Introduction

A

opening section of a scientific paper, which provides background information about
what was known in the field prior to the research reported in the paper

24
Q

Life science

A

field of science, such as biology, that studies living things

25
Q

Macromolecule

A

large molecule, typically formed by the joining of smaller molecules

26
Q

Materials and Methods

A

section of a scientific paper that includes a complete description of the
substances, methods, and techniques used by the researchers to gather data

27
Q

Microbiology

A

study of the structure and function of microorganisms

28
Q

Molecular Biology

A

study of biological processes and their regulation at the molecular level,
including interactions among molecules such as DNA, RNA, and proteins

29
Q

Molecule

A

chemical structure consisting of at least two atoms held together by one or more chemical
bonds

30
Q

Natural Science

A

field of science that is related to the physical world and its phenomena and
processes

31
Q

Nuerobiology

A

study of the biology of the nervous system

32
Q

Organ System

A

level of organization that consists of functionally related interacting organs

33
Q

organelle

A

small structures that exist within cells and carry out cellular functions

34
Q

Organism

A

individual living entity

35
Q

Organ

A

collection of related tissues grouped together performing a common function

36
Q

Paleontology

A

study of life’s history by means of fossils

37
Q

Peer-reviewed manuscript

A

scientific paper that is reviewed by a scientist’s colleagues who are
experts in the field of study

38
Q

Phylogenetic tree

A

diagram showing the evolutionary relationships among various biological
species based on similarities and differences in genetic or physical traits or both; in essence, a
hypothesis concerning evolutionary connections

39
Q

Physical Science

A

field of science, such as geology, astronomy, physics, and chemistry, that studies
nonliving matter

40
Q

Plagiarism

A

using other people’s work or ideas without proper citation, creating the false impression
that those are the author’s original ideas

41
Q

Prokaryote

A

single-celled organism that lacks organelles and does not have nuclei surrounded by a
nuclear membrane

42
Q

Population

A

all of the individuals of a species living within a specific area

43
Q

Results

A

section of a scientific paper in which the author narrates the experimental findings and
presents relevant figures, pictures, diagrams, graphs, and tables, without any further
interpretation

44
Q

Review Article

A

paper that summarizes and comments on findings that were published as primary
literature

45
Q

Science

A

knowledge that covers general truths or the operation of general laws, especially when
acquired and tested by the scientific method

46
Q

Scientific Method

A

method of research with defined steps that include observation, formulation of a
hypothesis, testing, and confirming or falsifying the hypothesis

47
Q

Serendipity

A

fortunate accident or a lucky surprise

48
Q

Theory

A

tested and confirmed explanation for observations or phenomena

49
Q

Tissue

A

group of similar cells carrying out related functions

50
Q

Variable

A

part of an experiment that the experimenter can vary or change

51
Q

Zoology

A

study of animals

BIO156 (13 decks)

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