Chapter 2: Perception of self and others Flashcards
Self-concept
The image of who you are
Looking-glass self
Look at the image of yourself that others reveal to you through the way they communicate with you
Cultural teaching
Personal development using forms of cultural expression, arts and playing
Self-awareness
Basic to all communication and is achieved when you examine several aspects of yourself as they might appear to others as well to you
Open self
Represent all the information, behaviors, attitudes, and feelings about yourself that you and also others
Blind self
Represent knowledge about you that others have but you don’t
Unknown self
Represents those parts of yourself that neither you nor others know
Hidden self
Represent all the knowledge you have of youself but keep secret from others
Self-esteem
A measure of how valuable you think you are
Cognitive self-esteem
Refer to your thinking about your strength and weaknesses about who you are versus who you’d like to be
Affective self-esteem
Refers to the analysis of your own strength and weakness
Behaviorial self-esteem
Refer to verbal and nonverbal behaviors such as your disclosure, assertiveness, conflict strategies, and gestures
Self-destructive belief
Ideas you have about yourself that are unproductive or that make it more difficult for you to achieve your goals
Impostor phenomenon
Refer to the disregard outward signs of success and to consider yourself an imposter that does not really deserve to be considered yourself
Self-disclosure
Communicating information about yourself to another person
Disinhibition effect
Occur in online communication
Perception
Way of understanding the world; it helps you make sense of what things is
Proximity
Physical closeness
Impression formation
Refers to the processes you go through in forming an impression of another person
Impression management
Refers to the process you use to give others the impression you want them to have
Self-fulfilling prophecy
A prediction that comes true because you act on it as if it were true
Primary effect
If what comes first exerts the most influence
Recency effect
If what comes last (or most recently) exerts the most influence
Stereotype
A fixed impression of a group of people
Attribution of control
A process by which you focus on explaining why someone behave as he or she did
Self-serving bias
When take credit for the positive and deny responsibility for the negative
Overattribution
Tendency to single out one or two obvious characteristics of a person and attribute everything that person does to these characteristics
Fundamental attribution error
Occurs when you overvalue the contribution of internal factors and undervalue the influence of external factor
Perception checking
Another way to reduce uncertainty and to ensure that your initial impressions are more accurate
Positive face
The desire to be viewed positively by others, to be thought of favorably
Negative face
The desire to be autonomous, to have the right to do as you wish
Self-handicapping strategies
To excuse failure
Self-deprecating strategies
To secure helps
Self-monitoring strategies
To hide faults
Image-confirming
To reinforce your positive perceptions about yourself
