Chapter 2- Identities, perceptions, communication Flashcards
identities
You PERFORM identity; symbolic creations based on the performance of personal roles, how people perceive themselves, and how people want to be viewed by others (parents, woman, fan of .., consumer)
perception
process of actively selecting, organizing, interpreting, and evaluating information, activities, situations, people and essentially all things that make up your world; influence creation and maintain identities, based on relational and cultural understanding
myth of core self or Onion model
people do not have “layers” and an unchanging core self that influence actions and are waiting to be revealed; if people had core self they would always maintain the same mood and there would be no change in communication in different areas and with other people
Rene Descartes
mind is in control; I think therefore I am,
identity
transaction that is constructed and created in interactions, through symbols, in the context of personal relationships; group memberships become part of your social identity when you find them important
selective exposure
the idea that you are more likely to expose yourself to that which supports your beliefs, values and attitudes; explains why people are more likely to spend time with individuals with the same beliefs values and attitudes
selective perception
the idea that you are more likely to perceive and focus on things that support your beliefs, values and attitudes, and ignore things that don’t; explains why 2 different people might evaluate the same person in different ways
selective retention
the idea that you are more likely to recall things that support your beliefs, values and attitudes (selective memory)
schemata
mental structures to organize information, partly by clustering or linking associated material (folder of relationships)
prototype
the best-case example of something; you use this as a guidepost for measuring other people (one person you compare your partner to)
personal constructs
individualized ways of understanding the world; bipolar dimensions used to measure and evaluate things; cant be used in development of prototype (attractive-unattractive, kind-mean)
Goffman (front-region)
(server in restaurant with customers) a frame where a social interaction is regarded as under public scrutiny, so people have to be on their best behaviour or acting out their professional roles or intended “faces”
Goffman back-region
(server in kitchen with colleagues) a frame where a social interaction is regarded as not under public scrutiny, so people do not have to present their public faces
self-description
description that involves information about self that is obvious to others through appearance and behaviour (tall, white, female)
self-disclosure
the revelation of personal information that others can not know unless the person makes it known (I’m a Saggitarius, fan of..)
-beneficial to identity construction, talking about yourself establishes value to who you are
communication privacy management theory(Petronio)
how people manage the need to maintain privacy by negotiating boundaries of privacy with others
turbulence
when boundaries are reshaped and revised
-occurs when boundaries come under attack, changes in the evaluation or the need for privacy of a certain topic, as well as changes in how a relationship is perceived
symbolic self
the self is transacted in interaction, that arises out of social interaction, and thus does not belong to you. You construct your identity together, it is about your identity, but the person before you also has to accept your identity
self-narrative
telling a story about yourself -> performing identity
self-disclosure
may be accomplished through story form, then you focus on elements you deem most important, which provide people with a guide for understanding who you are
symbolic interactionism
how broad social forces affect or transact an individual person’s view of who they are
attitude of reflection
thinking about how you look in other people’s eyes. People get their sense of self from other people and from being aware that others observe, judge and evaluate their behaviour
altercasting
how language can impose a certain identity on people, can support or reject the identity of someone. Then forces them to live up to the description, you assume something about another person’s identity
