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MIS 2000 > Chapter 2: Computers and Their Business Application > Flashcards

Chapter 2: Computers and Their Business Application Flashcards

1
Q

Computer

A

Machine that accepts data as input, processes data with programmed instructions, gives an output. What we use in University LOL

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2
Q

Computer Languages

A

Program instructions that tell a computer what to do

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3
Q

GIGO

A

Garbage in = Garbage out
Wrong or incorrect data = wrong information outputted

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4
Q

Computer Languages (5) with some examples

A

Machine: Binary 0s and 1s
Assembly
High Level: C, C+, Java, Python
Fourth Generation: Structured Query Language
Fifth Generation: Brain computing, visual and graphical programming etc iron man

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5
Q

Hardware Components - Physical Devices

A

Keyboards, monitors, processing units

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6
Q

Central Processing Unit (CPU)
single or multi

A

retrieves and executes instructions. The CPU is essentially the brain of the system

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7
Q

Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)

A

Arithmetic operations, comparison, binary codes

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8
Q

Control Unit

A

tells computer what to do or read or perform

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9
Q

RAM: Random Access Memory (Main Memory)

A

store data and information, program loads, volatile <- content lost when powered off

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10
Q

ROM: Read Only Memory (Secondary Memory)

A

Nonvolatile, start and shut down computer, archival storage

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11
Q

PROM and EPROM

A

Programmable Read Only Memory
Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory

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12
Q

Cache RAM

A

stores recently accessed memory

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13
Q

Secondary memory: Magnetic Disks:

A

random-access processing

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14
Q

Secondary memory: Magnetic Tape:

A

Stores data sequentially

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15
Q

Secondary memory: Optical Discs

A

laser beams to access store and data etc DVD

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16
Q

Cloud Storage

A

online storage and back up

17
Q

Other Secondary Memory Components

A

Hard Disk, Flash Drive, Secure Digital Card, Solid State Drive

18
Q

RAID: Redundant Independent Disks

A

used to keep programs from failing, makes copy of data and if one fails it restores a back up

19
Q

Storage Area Network (SAN)

A

high speed network consisting of hardware and software to manage shared storage accessible to all servers

20
Q

Network Attached Storage (large server)

A

Network- connected computer - provided file based data storage services to other network devices

21
Q

Input devices and examples

A

send data and information to computer etc keyboard, mouse, touch screen, barcode reader

22
Q

Output devices

A

monitor (soft copy), printer (hard copy)

23
Q

Bus
Parallel
Internal
External

A

link between devices connect to the computer
connect computer to printer
connect to video card/memory
connect to usb

24
Q

CPU Case

A

contains main components

25
Q

Motherboard

A

main circuit board
memory, connectors, cpu, storage

26
Q

Computer Components Software (2)

A

run computer system
application
system

27
Q

Server and types

A

computer and software for managing network resources and offer service etc storage, applications

web, file, mail, database

28
Q

Application Software

A

commercial or in house developed, performs variety of tasks on a personal computer etc Microsoft Office Applications

29
Q

operating system software (2)

A

interface between computer and user
control and manage hardware and software

30
Q

Operating system controls (4)

A

job management, resource allocation, data management, communication

31
Q

Buying Computer Qualities (5)

A

Speed, Accuracy, Arithmetic, logical, Storage and Retrieval

32
Q

Speed and CPU measure and what are increments

A

KHz (Milli), MHz (Micro), GHz (Nano), THz (Picro) - increments of 1000x

33
Q

Accuracy

A

avoid mistakes and calculations etc 0.00089 is not 0.00090

34
Q

Storage and Retrieval how many bits in a byte

A

saving data and accessing data from memory 8 bits in a byte

35
Q

Review Diagrams

A

MIS 2000 (13 decks)

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