Chapter 13: Intelligent Information System Flashcards
Artificial Intelligence
technologies that attempt to simulate and reproduce human thought/ behaviour
AI technologies, computer application require (4)
knowledge, perception, understanding and cognitive abilities
Robotics
evolve from AI, autonomous operations and perform tasks
Robotics operations and control
_____ _____ in tedious jobs
controlled by _____ _____
include _____ _____
Perform ____ ____ tasks
autonomous operation in tedious or hazardous jobs (free workers)
controlled by computer program
include programming language
perform simple repetitive tasks
Expert Systems
Is an AI system that mimics human expertise in a field to solve problem
Expert Systems used for activities that humans have already _____ _____ etc
handled successfully etc medicine, geology, education
expert systems: Heuristic data 2 ->Solve problems
knowledge based experience, available data to solve/describe problems
Factual Knowledge
facts related to discipline, subject, or problem
Heuristic Knowledge
Gain knowledge or result through intelligent guesswork
Meta-knowledge
knowledge about knowledge (how expert system makes decisions)
Intelligence Agents
software capable of reason and following rule-based program
Intelligence Agents known as (3)
bots (robots)
virtual agents (VA’s)
intelligent virtual agents (IVA’s)
Shopping and Information Agents
help users navigate through resources available on web
Personal Agents
perform specific task for user:
- remember information from filling out forms, email address completion
Data-mining agents (work with data warehouse)
detect trends, discover information/relationships among data
monitoring and surveillance agents
track and report on computer equipment/network systems to predict when crash/failure will occur
Machine Learning
computers can learn without explicitly programmed
Artificial Neural Networks
- examples
- type of model
networks learn and do tasks that are difficult with conventional computers etc chess, recognize faces
input/output model
Artificial Neural Networks uses (3)
- bankruptcy prediction, credit rating, target marketing
- poorly structured programs
- patterns instead of if-then-else
Fuzzy logic
computing based on “degrees of truth” rather than “true or false”. Truth value of variables may be any real number between 0 and 1
Fuzzy Logic allows a smooth transition between…….
human and computer vocabularies
Fuzzy logic deals with variation in linguistics terms by using
linguistic terms by using membership degree
Fuzzy logic is designed to help computers………
simulate vagueness and uncertainty in common situations
Genetic Algorithms (GAs)
search algorithms that mimic process of natural selection and biological evolution
GAs are used to generate solutions to (2)
optimization and search problems
GAs attributes (4) m.s.c.ct
mutation, selection, crossover, chromosome techniques
GAs are designed to find combination of
inputs that generate most desirable outputs
Natural Language Processing (2)
- users communicate with computers in human language
- provide question and answer format
NLP is used for (3)
Phone call routing, stock and bond trade, banking by phone
NLP Categories (Chatgpt) (5)
interface to database, machine translation, text scanning, generating text, speech systems
Activities Performed by NLP Systems: Interfacing (3)
accept human language as input
carrying out corresponding command
generating necessary output
Activities Performed by NLP Systems: Knowledge Acquisition (3)
- computer reads large amount of text and understand information
- summarize important points, store information so system responds to inquiries
Contextual Computing (6,7,8th sense)
- computer environment always present and capable perceiving surroundings
- offer recommendations based on individual need and requirement
- tailor course of action based on what if knows
Contextual computing principle
computers can both sense and react to environments (similar to how human brains)
